看守所是国内当前阶段未成年在押人员法定的必经羁押场所和监管机关，在其承担对未成年在押人员的监管职责过程中，暴露出了多项监管问题。对此，国内相关研究从未成年在押人员的权利依据、自身特点、监管制度与监管问题、监管的外部监督、心理健康等方面予以了关注，并介绍了国内外的实践情况。本文通过在J市P区看守所的实地调研，获取到客观和主观两个方面的羁押情况，分析得出看守所存在的六个主要监管问题，依次是与成年在押人员分别关押、分别管理、分别教育未能完全实现，未成年在押人员之间的差异化管理不科学，未能开展系统化、科学化文化教育工作，开展有效心理疏导未引起足够重视，亲属会见范围受到局限，对未成年在押人员监管重“硬”失“软”。在此基础上，通过分析，总结出了制约监管规范化的四点主要原因，依次是相关监管政策转化为规范性文件后条文少、效力低，上级管理部门工作属性影响监管职能独立性，客观羁押情况苛刻，监管人员的监管素养有待提高。针对以上问题和原因，本文试图提出六点建议，分别是制定行政法规以上效力位阶的具有可操作性的规范性文件，通过工作机制改革强化监管工作独立性，集中羁押未成年在押人员，建立新的工作评价体系，为监管队伍提供专业化培训，加强法律监督和纪检监察。

The detention house is a statutory and mandatory place of detention and regulatory agency for minors in custody at the current stage of the country. In the course of its responsibility for the supervision of the minors in custody, a number of supervision problems have been exposed. In this regard, the domestic related researches focused on the rights source and own characteristics of minors in custody, supervision system and supervision problems, external supervision of supervision, psychological health and so on, and introduced the practice at home and abroad. In this paper, through the field investigation in the P District of J City, the detaining situation of objective and subjective two aspects is obtained. The analysis shows six main supervision problems, in turn, which are being not fully realized to separate, manage and educate separately, being not scientific to manage minors in custody differently, being failed to carry out systematic and scientific cultural education, being not paid enough attention to carry out effective psychological counseling, being limited to widen the range of relatives' meeting, and being attached importance to hard instead of soft for the supervision of the minors in custody. On this basis, through the analysis, the four main reasons for restricting the standardization of supervision are summed up, in turn, which are few clauses and low effect after the relevant supervision policy being translated into normative documents, the work attribute of superior management department affecting the independence of supervision function, the objective detaining situation being harsh, and the supervision quality of the regulators needing to be improved. In view of the above problems and reasons, this paper tries to put forward six suggestions, in turn, which are formulating operable normative documents which order above administrative regulation, strengthening the independence of supervision through reform of working mechanism, centralizing detaining minors in custody, establishing a new system of work evaluation, providing professional training for the supervision team, and strengthening legal supervision and discipline inspection and supervision.