鉴于全球化进程中的第三次国际移民浪潮影响日益重要,社会转型背景下的俄罗斯人口和移民问题备受关注以及新时期中俄两国的政治互信和经济合作关系不断提升,再加上俄罗斯于2012年正式加入世界贸易组织，在该背景下，需要全面深入地探讨俄罗斯的移民法律制度，关于俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系，国内有一些学者进行了研究，发表了很多文章，从多学科、多角度、多层面对俄罗斯联邦的人口和移民相关问题进行了深入的探讨，但由于俄罗斯于2012年加入了世贸组织，为履行其入世承诺，对一系列移民法规进行了修订和更新，法规更新速度快，变化大，目前国内对俄罗斯最新移民法律制度并没有一套完整的研究成果。俄罗斯于2006年-2007年出台了一系列移民领域法律,它们与原有的移民相关法律制度一起构成了俄罗斯的新移民法体系。加入WTO后，依照做出的承诺，俄罗斯又对相关的法律法规进行了很多修改，因此本文将全面系统地对最新的俄罗斯移民法律制度进行研究，并结合俄罗斯加入WTO后移民法律法规的发展趋势，从国内法和国际法的角度对俄罗斯移民法律制度进行了评价和探讨. 本文共分为三个部分，第一部分探究了俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系的形成过程，通过对俄罗斯联邦移民法律的查阅和研究，构建了俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系的基本框架，并从劳动力短缺、劳务移民重要性、非法移民现象、劳务移民组成这四个方面研究了俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系的形成背景；第二部分从四个角度阐述了俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系的主要内容，详细分析了外国人在俄出入境、就业、法律地位、入籍条件四个方面的相关规定；第三部分对俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系的特征进行了分析和评价，俄罗斯联邦移民法律制度体系主要具有四项新的特征，接下来从国内法和国际法两个视角对俄罗斯移民联邦法律制度进行了深入的评价。

During globalization, the influence of the third international wave of immigrants is becoming increasingly important. Russia's population and immigration issues are under great concern. Political trust and economic cooperation between China and Russia is on the rise. Russia joined the World Trade Organization in 2012, in the context above, fully investigation on the immigration legal system of the Russian federation is needed. Many domestic scholars have studied and published articles on the immigration legal system of the Russian federation. They have studied contemporary international migration issues and Russia's population, immigration, immigration policy issues and have expanded the framework of migrants, but because the Russian Federation joined the WTO in 2012, to fulfill its commitments, immigration regulations were updated in high speed, so there are few study results of the current immigration legal system of the Russian federation.The Russian federation issued a series of immigration federal laws in 2006 and 2007, which together with the existing immigration laws constitute a new immigration legal system in Russia. After joining the WTO, in accordance with the commitments made by Russia, many changes on the immigration laws have been made by the Russian government, so this article will conduct a comprehensive study of the latest immigration legal system of the Russian federation, discuss the immigration legal system from the perspective of domestic and international law.This paper is divided into three parts, the first part is the formation of the immigration legal system of the Russian federation, aiming to build the basic framework of the immigration legal system of the Russian federation through the study of the Russian federal immigration laws. The first part studies the background of the formation of the immigration legal system from four angles: labor shortages, the importance of labor migration, the phenomenon of illegal immigration and the composition of labor migration. The second part discusses the main elements of the immigration legal system of the Russian federation, including the regulations of foreigners entry-exit, employment, legal status, conditions of naturalization. The third part evaluated four major new features of the immigration legal system of the Russian federation from the perspective of domestic and international law.