伴随着我国社会经济的迅速发展，社会公众对于公共服务的需求也在不断发展。公众们不仅希望能够增加更多的公共服务项目，而且对于公共服务质量的要求也在不断提升。如果仍像过去一样仅仅依靠政府来进行公共服务的配给，那么很大程度上不能满足公众的新需求。在这种情况下，我国开始对公共服务市场化进行探索。公共服务市场化是指由政府筹集资源、确定服务标准，以市场机制作为杠杆，在竞争中完成对公共服务的供给。对公共服务进行市场化改革意味着公共服务的供给不再由政府完全说了算，而是将政府主导与市场机制进行了有机结合，通过市场中的优胜劣汰法则提高公共服务的供给质量、数量与效率。这种做法不仅可以降低政府成本，缓解财政负担，还极大程度上提高了公共服务水平，但是在推动公共服务市场化的过程中，也逐渐暴露出了一些问题，需要加以改正并解决。

环卫行业在公共服务领域中一直占有重要地位，我国环卫行业的市场化一直走在公共服务市场化改革的前端，其中北京市作为我国首都，也是我国最早进行环卫行业市场化探索的城市之一，在取得出色成果的同时也遇到了一些问题，这些问题具有典型性和可研究性。以北京市环卫行业市场化进程作为切入点对我国目前公共服务市场化过程中遇到的问题加以探析，具有代表作用。

本文首先介绍北京市环卫行业的概况、市场化背景及取得成果，阐述北京市环卫行业市场化改革的必要性以及在过程中遇到的问题，并分析一些国内外具有相关经验的城市是如何进行改革的，从中得到启示。最后对进一步推动北京市的环卫行业市场化进程，从政府、企业、社会三个主要方面有针对性的提出对策和建议，力图找到一条更适合的可行之路，并希望借此能够对我国的公共服务市场化发展起到借鉴作用。

Along with the rapid development of China's social economy,the public's demand for public services is also constantly developing.Not only the public want to be able to add more public service projects, but the requirements for the quality of public services are also increasing. If we still rely on the government for the distribution of public services as in the past,it will not be able to meet the new demands of the public. China began to explore the marketization of public services. The market-oriented reform of public services means that the supply of public services is no longer completely determined by the government,narrowing the government's direct supply of public services，and expanding the role of the market and society. This approach can not only reduce government costs,ease the financial burden,but also improve the quality of public services.However,in the process of promoting the marketization of public services,some problems have been exposed and need to be corrected .

The sanitation industry has always played a very important role in the field of public services,and the marketization of the sanitation industry has also been at the forefront of the market-oriented reform of public services. Taking the marketization process of Beijing sanitation industry as an entry point,it analyzes the problems and solutions in the process of marketization of public services in China. It is representative and universal.

The paper first introduces the general situation of Beijing's sanitation industry and the background of marketization,analyzes the necessity of market-oriented reform of Beijing sanitation industry and some problems encountered in this process,then analyzes some domestic and international market experience of environmental sanitation. The city how to carry out reforms and draw lessons from it. Finally,to further promote the market-oriented reform of the sanitation industry in Beijing,propose countermeasures and suggests the three main aspects of the government,enterprises and society, in an effort to find more feasible and feasible way, hope to be able to market-oriented changes in other public service industries can be used as reference.