自由是政治哲学的一个核心概念，关于自由的争论从未间断。以赛亚•伯林关于积极自由和消极自由的二分受到了学术界的普遍关注，伯林对积极自由与一元论相结合所存在的极权主义危险的揭示以及资本主义私有制的发展，使得以权利为基础的消极自由成为普遍接受的自由观念。然而，随着理论与实践的发展，消极自由所存在的对于权利和私域的固守以及由此造成的“沉默的大多数”以及犬儒主义危险逐渐显露并制约着个人自由的实现。 昆廷•斯金纳改变了传统以文本为中心的纯哲学式研究方法，提出历史主义的研究思路，注重对概念的历史考察，将概念与其产生的历史语境相结合，探讨概念产生的原始含义和目的，关注政治概念的实践性。通过对共和主义理论的复兴，昆廷•斯金纳提出了支配之阙如的自由这样一种不同于伯林两种自由概念划分的第三种自由概念，强调自由不仅仅是要免除实际的干涉和支配，还应该免除一种可能被干涉和支配的状态。关于支配之阙如的自由的实现，昆廷•斯金纳主张自由国家是个人自由实现的保障，而积极的公民参与和良好的公民美德是自由国家的重要标志，法律强制有助于公共参与和公民美德的培养，从而提出一种公共参与和法律保障之下的自由。昆廷•斯金纳的自由理论为理解自由提供了一种新的思路，但就像他自己所说，这种自由最终还是一种消极自由，他对支配之阙如的自由的探讨只是一种工具意义的探讨，是在寻求实现消极自由最大化的途径和手段。无论如何，昆廷•斯金纳对支配之阙如自由观的探讨和理解，为解决自由主义发展所遇到的困境提供了一种新的思路，值得我们去思考和探讨。

Liberty as a core concept of political philosophy, the debate about it never stopped. Isaiah Berlin’s distinction between positive liberty and negative liberty has been widespread concern by academia. The risk of totalitarian brought by the combination of positive liberty and monism has been revealed by Berlin, making the rights-based force of negative liberty become universally accepted concept of liberty. However, with the development of theory and practice, the risk of “silent majority” and cynicism which caused by the negative liberty stick to the right of the cicic and the private domain is gradually revealed and restrict the achievement of personal liberty. Quentin Skinner change the traditional methods which is Pure philosophical text study and proposes the research ideas of Historicism, it focus on the historical study of concept and combine the concept with it’s historical context, So as to explore the original meaning and purpose of the concept, focusing on the political practicality of concept. Through the revival of republican theory, Quentin Skinner proposed the third division of liberty that is lacking domination and it is different from Berlin’s Two Concepts of liberty, he stressed the liberty not only to relieve the actual interference and domination, should also be exempt from possible interference and domination of state. with respect to the achievement of disposal lacking liberty, Quentin Skinner advocated free nations is the safeguard of individual liberty, and active citizen participation and good civic virtue is an important symbol of national liberty, Simultaneously, law enforcement help the foster of public participation and civic virtue, Thus Quentin Skinner proposed a liberty which under public participation and legal protection. Quentin • Skinner's theory provides a new way of thinking liberty, but as he said, this liberty is ultimately a negative liberty and his discussion is only a tool meaning discussion which is seeking the ways and means to achieve the maximize of negative liberty. Anyway, Quentin Skinner’s discussion and understanding about the liberty lacking domination provides a new way of thinking and way to resolve the difficulties for the development of liberalism, it is Worth of thinking and discussing.