在社会治理和社区治理大的发展背景下，社区社会组织是其中重要的组成部分。社区社会组织发展状况如何以及如何促进其更好的发展是一个重要的话题。对大量基于体制内资源的社区社会组织的发展历程及其培育的研究具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。 本文以北京市东城区N协会为研究对象，采用案例研究法，通过深度访谈和二手资料分析，从政府和社会关系的视角系统梳理了体制内资源支持下的社区社会组织——N协会11年的发展历程，就其发展不同阶段协会与政府的关系进行了详细的描述分析。此外，针对协会目前的发展困境，本研究从社会组织培育的角度就如何培育社区社会组织并促进其健康发展提出了针对性的意见和建议。 通过对N协会十余年来由兴盛到衰落发展历程的梳理，本文得出以下几个方面的关键结论：第一，政府对社会组织的发展至关重要。体制内资源的获得和强大支持是基于体制内资源的社区社会组织发展的重要条件。当这份资源以支持的方式给予社会组织的时候，可以促使其得到良好的发展；第二，从政社关系的视角看，政府在给予社区社会组织重要支持的同时，也存在对社会组织的控制和管理。N协会目前的困境恰恰说明了这一点。政府相关政策的变化以及资源的撤出等都是N协会从鼎盛到衰弱的原因所在；第三，从N协会的困境出发，本研究认为，对于此类社会组织的培育应从政府和公众两个方面着手。协会不应停留在仅由社区书记担任法人或社区党委来操作的层面，而是政府要有效识别社会组织的需求和有效资源对接，实现政府资源的有效递送。另外，从公众参与的角度，社区社会组织的良好发展应广泛动员社区公众参与社会组织，让他们逐渐承担起责任主体的功能。从而让自上而下的支持与自下而上的承接对应起来，这才是培育社区社会组织的根本目标。

Under the social development background of community governance, community social organization is an important topic. How to cultivate and develop community social organizations has become a hot topic in the current policy. There are some difficulties in the cultivation and development of community social organizations. One way to solve the problem is to use government and policy, institutional resources to develop community social organizations, but even with institutional resource support, community social organization development also has its own law of development. This paper discusses the rise and fall of N social organization in Dong cheng District of Beijing in the past ten years. This paper draws the following key conclusions: first, the government is very important to the development of social organization. The acquisition and strong support of resources within the system is an important condition for the development of community social organizations based on resources within the system. When this resource is given to social organizations in a supportive manner, it can promote its good development. Second, from the perspective of political and social relations, the government gives important support to community social organizations. There is also control and management of social organizations. Third, proceeding from the plight of the N Association, this study believes that the cultivation of such social organizations should not be done by the community secretaries themselves or by the community party committees themselves, but should further mobilize the community public to let them participate in social organizations. Gradually assume the responsibility of the main body of the function. So that top-down support corresponds to bottom-up undertaking, which is the fundamental goal of community social organization.