官僚主义表现为脱离群众、脱离实际、形式化等特点，在本质上与为人民服务的宗旨背道而驰，有碍于民主政治的发展和国家治理。针对官僚主义这一长期存在的复杂的历史现象，党和政府也在持续推进着反官僚主义实践。在不同的历史发展阶段，有着不同的实践表现。尤其随着互联网技术的发展，网络问政的出现，也为新时代的反官僚主义提供了有力的抓手。

网络问政是公民进行民主政治参与、诉求利益表达的一种依托于互联网技术的重要形式，而网络问政相对应的便是政府回应。因此本研究基于全国网络问政平台-领导留言板北京市2020年和2021年两年的留言数据，探究网络问政与政府回应的现状和政府回应行为的影响因素，以期能够对公众网络问政参与与政府回应的实际情况与问题有更清楚的了解和认识，为优化网络问政空间、提升政府回应效能、推进新时代反官僚主义实践的政策建议提供支撑。

在政府回应行为影响因素的探究过程中，基于新公共服务和注意力分配理论与对公民问政与政府回应相关文献梳理的基础上，具象了研究问题，提出研究假设，从自上而下的压力源——重点考核议题与自下而上的压力源——公民留言情感两个维度构建了政府回应行为影响因素压力源模型，将政府回应行为中回应时长和回应质量作为因变量。而在数据选择方面，本文通过Python爬虫技术获取全国问政平台-领导留言板北京市和北京市各区2020年与2021年两年间36位党政一把手的共计78936留言与回应作为数据来源，运用机器学习-情感分析和词频统计进行文本分析，同时构建logistic回归模型，深入探究政府回应行为，即回应时长和回应质量的影响因素。

在实证研究中，本文探究了自上而下压力源——重点考核议题、自下而上压力源——公民诉求情感、年份、政府层级、党政身份、诉求类型和文本长度对于回应时长和回应质量的影响。结论发现，当诉求议题符合自上而下的压力源——重点考核议题时，政府在回应时长上越趋向于在规定的15个工作日内进行回复，但在政府回应质量上，越不易于获得政府的指导性回应。而当公民情感越趋向于负向，则政府同样会在回应时长上趋向于15个工作日内进行回复，在回复质量上也更易于获得指导性回复。基于研究结果，继续深入分析可能存在的原因，提出研究结论。并在以上的基础上，从考核体系与长效管理机制建设、基础平台设施优化升级、加强部门协作与注意力资源合理分配还有群众路线意识和推进反官僚主义等方面提出了相关建议。

Bureaucracy is characterized as being divorced from the masses, reality and formalization. In essence, it runs counter to the tenet of serving the people and hinders the development of democratic politics and national governance. In view of the long-standing and complex historical phenomenon of bureaucracy, the party and the government are also continuously promoting the practice of anti-bureaucracy. In different historical stages, there are different practical manifestations. Especially with the development of Internet technology and the emergence of network politics, it also provides a powerful starting point for the anti-bureaucracy in the new era.

Network politics is an important method of citizens' democratic political participation and expression of interests, which relies on Internet technology, and each asking requires government response. Therefore, based on the message data of the national online politics platform - Leadership message board in Beijing in 2020 and 2021, this study explores the current situation of Online Politics and government response and the influencing factors of government response behavior, in order to have a clearer understanding of the actual situation and problems of Public Online Politics participation and government response, so as to optimize the online politics space, improve the government response efficiency, provide support for policy suggestions to promote anti-bureaucratic practice in the new era.

In the process of exploring the influencing factors of government response behavior, based on the new public service and attention distribution theory and combing the relevant literature of citizen politics and government response, this paper embodied the research questions, put forward the research hypotheses, and constructed the stressor model of the influencing factors of government response behavior from the two dimensions of top-down stressors - key assessment topics and bottom-up stressors - citizen emotion, Response time and response quality in government responsing behavior are taken as dependent variables. In terms of data selection, this paper uses Python crawler technology to obtain 78936 messages and responses from 36 top party and government leaders in Beijing and all districts of Beijing between 2020 and 2021. It uses machine learning - emotion analysis and word frequency statistics for text analysis, and constructs logistic regression model to deeply explore the government response behavior, which is, the influencing factors of response time and response quality.

In the empirical research, this study explores the impact of top to down stressors - key assessment topic, and bottom to up stressors - citizens' emotion appeal, year, government level, party and government identity, appeal type and text length on response time and response quality. The conclusion shows that when the appeal issues in accordance to the top to down pressure source - key assessment issues, the government tends to reply within the specified 15 working days in terms of response time, but it is less easy to obtain the government's guiding response in terms of government response quality. When citizens' emotions tend to be negative, the government will also reply within 15 working days in response time, and it is easier to obtain the government’s guiding response in response quality. Based on the research results, continuing to analyze the possible reasons and put forward the research conclusions. Based on the above, this paper puts forward four suggestions from the aspects of the construction of assessment system and long-term management construction, the optimization and upgrading of infrastructure platform facilities, strengthening departmental cooperation and allocating attention resources rationally, as well as the awareness of the Party’s mass line and promoting anti-bureaucracy.