金石类是中国古籍目录中的类目之一，经历了漫长的发展期，实现了从无到有、从少到多、从收录单类到兼收多类，走向成熟。探究金石类的发展过程，了解不同阶段的特点和背后的意义，不仅可以强化古籍目录学中这一类目的研究，还能更好地理解古代金石学。因此，文章以此为选题开展研究，系统梳理金石类目的源流史，将类目演变与金石文献观念、目录分类观念结合，分析其意义和价值。
文章主要包括三个章节。第一章是历代目录著作中金石类目的设置情况。按照时间顺序，梳理中国古代综合目录中金石类目的设立情况及金石专录的发展状况，由此勾勒出金石类目的发展轨迹。金石专录自魏晋时期开始出现，到北宋进入了蓬勃发展期，著录体例多样，再到清代金石专录的收录范围进一步扩大。综合目录中金石类目首次出现在宋代郑樵的《通志·艺文略》，专收一类金石文献，到明末《内阁藏书目录》设金石部兼收多种金石文献，发展到清代，综合目录中设金石类目逐渐成为常态，且地位有所提高。金石类目发展成为古代目录体系中的成熟类目之一。第二章是古代目录体系中金石类目发展的特点。通过梳理金石类目的演变，可以发现，综合目录中金石类目的设置变化多样，不论是类目名称、位置、著录方式，还是类目的再分类，都有自身的变化特点，对这些特点进行总结，更直观地展现金石类目的发展变化。第三章是金石文献观与金石类目研究的目录学价值。金石类目既与金石学息息相关，又是目录学的一部分，因此，研究金石类目从无到有再到成熟的整个过程，一方面，可以从中分析不同时期学者对金石文献的理解，比如宋代金石专录利用金石材料证经考史，重视金石文献的研究价值；明末，学者开始重视挖掘石刻碑文的书法艺术价值，直接推动了明末综合目录中碑帖类的出现。另一方面，也能感受金石类目对古籍目录学发展的贡献，金石类目的出现强化了目录学辨章学术、考镜源流的功用，还丰富了目录体系的分类标准，推动目录分类向更多元化的方向发展。
文章从纵向梳理与特点总结两条线路出发，力图展示古代目录体系中金石类目发展的全貌。在此基础上，挖掘金石类目演变背后的意义，考察其中所蕴涵的古代金石文献观念的演变和古籍目录学的发展。希望能对金石学和目录学的研究与发展有所帮助。

Epigraphy category is one of the categories of Chinese ancient books catalogue, has experienced a long period. It has realized from nothing to something, from less to more, from collecting a single category to collecting more categories, and has matured. To explore the development process of epigraphy category and understand the characteristics of different stages and the meaning behind it can not only strengthen the study of this kind of purpose in the bibliography of ancient books, but also better understand the ancient epigraphy. Therefore, this paper takes this as a topic to carry out research, systematically combs the origin history of the purpose of the epigraphy category, combines the evolution of the category with the concept of epigenetic literature and catalogue classification, and analyzes its significance and value.
The article mainly includes three chapters. The first chapter is about the setting of epigraphy category in the catalogue works of the past dynasties. According to the time sequence, this paper reviews the establishment of the ancient Chinese comprehensive catalogue and the development of the catalogue, and outlines the development track of the catalogue. The special catalogue of gold and stone appeared from Wei and Jin dynasties, and entered a period of vigorous development in the Northern Song Dynasty, with various types of descriptions, and then expanded the scope of the special catalogue of gold and stone in the Qing Dynasty. The epigraphy category in the comprehensive catalogue first appeared in the Song Dynasty Zheng Qiao's "Tongzhi·Yiwen Luo", which was a special collection of stone documents. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, "the Catalogue of Cabinet Books"set up the epigraphy category to collect a variety of stone and stone documents. In the Qing Dynasty, the epigraphy category in the comprehensive catalog gradually became the norm, and its status was improved. The epigraphy category developed into one of the mature categories in the ancient catalogue system. The second chapter is the characteristics of the development of epigraphy category in the ancient catalogue system. By sorting out the evolution of the purpose of the epigraphy category, we can find that the setting of the purpose of the epigraphy category in the comprehensive catalog has varied. No matter the category name, location, description method, or class purpose reclassification, all have their own characteristics of change. These characteristics are summarized to show the development and change of the purpose of the epigraphy category more directly. The third chapter is the epigenetic literature concept and the bibliographic value of the study of epigraphy category. The epigraphy category is closely related to the field of epigraphy and is also a part of bibliography. Therefore, we study the process from scratch to maturity. On the one hand, we can analyze the scholars' understanding of gold and stone literature in different periods. For example, in the Song Dynasty, the special catalogue of gold and stone used Jinshi materials to verify the classics and examine history, and paid attention to the research value of gold and stone literature. At the end of Ming Dynasty, scholars began to pay attention to the calligraphic artistic value of stone inscriptions, which directly promoted the emergence of inscriptions in the comprehensive catalogue at the end of Ming Dynasty. On the other hand, we can also feel the contribution of the epigraphy to the development of ancient books bibliography, which strengthens the function of bibliography to distinguish chapters and examine the source and current, enriches the classification standard of the catalog system, and promotes the development of catalog classification in a more diversified direction.
This paper tries to show the whole picture of the development of the epigraphy category in the ancient catalogue system by combing the two lines lengthwise and summarizing the characteristics. On this basis, explore the meaning behind the evolution of the epigraphy category, and examines the evolution of the epigenetic literature concept and the development of the bibliography of ancient books. It is hoped that it will be helpful to the research and development of epigraphy and bibliography.