海上搜救作为海上安全的“最后一道防线”，为水上交通运输、渔业作业、工业生产以及人民群众便捷出行做好安全保障，为社会经济发展保驾护航，直接关系到遇险人员生命安全和家庭幸福。海上搜救能够尽可能的降低由于各种海上突发情况导致的不良后果，并维持优质的海上安全生产作业，海上交通运输环境，是保证海上交通运输长期发展的一个关键途径。

珠江口水域是珠江水系的主要出海口，区域内有广州、深圳、珠海、香港和澳门等多个地区的大型港口和多条重要的国际航道和航路，是我国船舶活动最密集的水域之一。据统计，历年来，该水域的水上交通事故占广东省事故总量的三分之一以上。近年来，随着经济水平的快速发展，珠江口水域船舶流量承载压力越来越大，加之粤港澳大湾区规划出炉，海上丝绸之路建设以及港珠澳大桥建成通车，水上监管压力骤增。因此，亟需突破现有体制机制，增强珠港澳三方处理海上公共危机的能力，保障海上遇险者的生命安全与财产安全，维持稳定的社会秩序。

本文采用案例分析法、文献研究法和比较研究法，结合国内外学者关于海上联合搜救机制的研究，从海上搜救相关法律法规、跨区域协调机制、搜救资源分布和搜集历年搜救数据等多方面详细分析了珠港澳海上联合搜救机制现状，发现珠港澳海上联合搜救存在着法律法规不健全、搜救资源配置不合理、缺乏统一的指挥协调机构、尚未建立统一的信息交流平台、海上联合搜救应急预案体系不完善等问题。其后通过借鉴主要发达国家海上联合搜救机制及经验，尝试对珠海，香港和澳门海上联合搜救机制提出对策建议：完善海上联合搜救法律法规；合理配置搜救资源；整合搜救资源以弥补相互不足；建立统一的搜救协调机构；组建搜救资源信息共享平台；完善海上联合搜救应急预案体系等。

As the "last line of defense" for maritime security, maritime search and rescue provides safety guarantee for water transportation, fishery operations, industrial production and convenient transportation for the people, and escort for social and economic development. It is directly related to the life safety and family happiness of people in danger. Maritime search and rescue can reduce as much as possible the adverse consequences caused by various maritime emergencies, and maintain high quality maritime safety production and operation, maritime transport environment, is a key way to ensure the long-term development of maritime transport.

The pearl river estuary is the main outlet of the pearl river system, with large ports in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, HongKong, Macao and other places, as well as a number of important international shipping routes and routes. According to statistics, over the years, the water traffic accidents in this area accounted for more than one-third of the total accidents in guangdong province. In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, the carrying pressure of the vessel flow in the pearl river estuary has been increasing. In addition, the plan of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao greater bay area, the construction of the maritime silk road and the completion and opening of the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge have increased the pressure of water supervision. Therefore, it is urgent to break through the existing systems and mechanisms, enhance the capability of the three parties to deal with maritime public crises, ensure the safety of life and property of maritime victims and maintain a stable social order.

This paper use history method, investigation method, analysis, induction and comparative research, combined with domestic and foreign scholars research on joint rescue mechanism, from the maritime search and rescue related laws and regulations, cross-regional coordination mechanism, search and rescue resources distribution and collection calendar year Hong Kong and Macao SAR data are analyzed in detail in many aspects such as beads joint rescue mechanism for the status quo, found the pearl of Hong Kong and Macao joint search-and-rescue exists imperfect laws and regulations, and search and rescue resources allocation is unreasonable, lack of unified command and coordination agency, has yet to establish unified information exchange platform, the joint rescue emergency plan system is imperfect and so on. Then, by referring to the maritime joint search and rescue mechanism and experience of major developed countries, this paper tries to put forward countermeasures and Suggestions for the maritime joint search and rescue mechanism of Zhuhai, Hong Kong and Macao. Rational allocation of search and rescue resources; Integrating search and rescue resources to make up for each other's deficiencies; Establish a unified search and rescue coordination body; Establish a search and rescue resource information sharing platform; We will improve the emergency plan system for joint maritime search and rescue.