世界百年未有之大变局关键的表现是在“东升西降”的历史趋势中的中美博弈；关键的区域是旨在遏制中国发展的印度洋和太平洋的印太地区海上贸易通道。环喜马拉雅地区是中国走向印度洋的重要陆桥，是美国布设“包围圈”的战略支点，对中美两国均具有重要的地缘价值。地缘位势是对国家权力的空间表征。目前，各国间的相互依赖加深，传统的以边界为核心的领土逻辑退居次位，以要素流动为核心的关系逻辑逐渐凸显，地缘位势的动态特征随之显现。如何在新的空间逻辑下解析和评价国家权力的空间分布是本研究重点解决的问题。

本研究以流空间为视角，基于文献分析对地缘位势进行要素解读，采用地缘流量数据并结合历史事件对地缘位势开展定量评价、时空演变、驱动机制分析与可视化表达，最后对中国如何构建和平崛起的地缘环境提出相应的政策建议。

本文主要结论如下：（1）以流空间为视角对地缘位势进行评价和解析具有一定的可行性。流空间视域下的地缘位势是权力主体国向权力客体国投射权力要素的过程，要素的流动在一定时间尺度上的积累塑造了地缘位势的时空演变特征。（2）流空间为地缘位势的时空演变机制提供了动态视角。地缘位势的时空演变以要素流动为主体，以地缘区位为制约，地缘经济关系、地缘政治关系和地缘文化关系分别通过互补效应、主导效应和认同效应推动着地缘位势的时空演变，且三者相互影响、相互作用。（3）中美在环喜马拉雅地区地缘位势的差异及其时空演变反映出美国权力空间的收缩态势。美国在“印太战略”的框架下构建遏制中国崛起的“包围圈”，但中国的崛起使美国所要付出的权力成本不断上升。（4）中美在环喜马拉雅地区地缘位势的差异及其时空演变预示着中国的“周边外交”将在曲折中不断前进。目前，中国仍面临边界争议、地区安全等问题，这关系到“一带一路”建设能否顺利向印度洋延伸以及中国周边的地缘环境安全。

基于以上结论，本研究认为，中国需要从国内和国外两个维度打造和平崛起的地缘环境。国内方面要聚焦于提升自身的硬实力和软实力，既要缩小与美国在经济、军事科技等硬实力上的差距、实现反超，又要构造具有中国特色的软实力体系。国外方面，要分国别、分领域、有重点地提升我国在周边地区的影响力，持续推动“亲诚惠容”的周边外交。

The world is undergoing a profound changes unseen in a century, and the historical trend of "rising in the east and declining in the west" continues to evolve. The Indo-Pacific maritime trade route in the Indian and Pacific Oceans is the key area, which is designed to contain China's development. The region around Himalayas is an important land bridge connecting China to the Indian Ocean and a strategic pivot point for the US to set up an 'encirclement', which is of great geopolitical value to both China and the US. Geo-potential is the spatial representation of national power. As the interdependence between countries deepens, the traditional territorial logic centred on borders has taken a back seat to the relational logic centred on flows, and the dynamic character of geopolitics has emerged. How to analyse and evaluate the spatial distribution of national power under the new spatial logic is the focus of this study.

Based on the perspective of space of flows, this study utilized literature analysis method to interpret the elements of geo-potential, and provided quantitative evaluation, spatio-temporal evolution, driving mechanism analysis and visualization of geo-potential in the context of historical events. And thus, this study aimed to recommendations for how China can construct a geo-setting conducive to its peaceful rise.

The following are the paper's key findings: (1) The geo-potential can be evaluated and analyzed from the perspective of space of flows. According to theory of space of flows, geo-potential is a process of projecting power elements from the power-subject state to the power-object state, and the accumulation of elements over a certain time scale defines the spatio-temporal  development of the geopolitical situation. (2) Sapce of flows offers a dynamic viewpoint on the spatiotemporal evolution of geo-potential. The spatio-temporal evolution of geopolitical potential is dominated by flow factors and constrained by geopolitical location, with geo-economic, geopolitical, and geocultural relations driving the evolution via the driving, dominant, and identity effects, respectively, and the three interacting. (3) The differences between the geo-potential of the United States and China in the Himalayan region, as well as their spatial and temporal evolution, reflect the contraction of the US power space. Under the Indo-Pacific Strategy, the US is constructing an "encirclement" to contain China's rise, but China's rise is increasing the cost of power for the US. (4) The geo-potential differences between the United States and China in the Himalayan region, as well as their spatial and temporal evolution, suggest that China's "peripheral diplomacy" will continue to progress in a tortuous manner. Currently, China continues to confront border disputes and regional security concerns, which have an impact on the successful extension of Belt and Road construction to the Indian Ocean and the geopolitical environment on China's periphery.

This study argues, based on these findings, that China should create a geo-setting for its peaceful rise from both domestic and international perspectives. For the former, China should focus on enhancing its own hard and soft power in order to bridge the gap with the United States in terms of economic, military, and technological hard power and accomplish a counterbalance, as well as to construct a soft power system with Chinese characteristics. Internationally, China should increase its influence in the neighboring regions by country, by discipline, and by focus, while promoting neighborhood diplomacy with the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness.