职住关系是城市空间结构研究的重要内容，居住-就业的空间关系深刻地影响着居民的生产生活。本文使用第五、六次人口普查数据和第一、二次经济普查数据，结合2014年实地调查问卷数据，采用GIS空间分析技术剖析北京市居住、就业的空间格局特征。 北京市人口郊区化持续推进，人口郊区化由近域扩散向远域扩散转变，表现出“中心区缓慢增长、近郊较快增长、远郊高速增长”的新特征，部分远郊新城街道就业适龄人口密度增长迅速，开始发挥新城疏解人口的作用。与此同时，就业的主体增长空间仍然分布在旧城中心和近郊区，表现出较强的向心集聚态势。市外围圈层的就业拉动能力有所提升，但仍显不足。 北京市功能分区明显，从中心区往远郊区，功能由就业导向向居住导向演变，近郊区职住平衡最好。通过GIS识别居住、就业集聚区发现，居住集聚区数量增加，分布更加扩散，就业集聚区主要在市中心发展壮大，居住-就业空间错位程度加剧。

Jobs-households relationship constitutes important parts of urban spatial structure. The spatial relationships between housing and jobs profoundly affect the production life of the residents. Data used in this paper are selected from the fourth, fifth and sixth nationwide population census and the first and second economic census. This paper utilizes GIS spatial analysis techniques to analyze Beijing residence, employment characteristics and evolution of the spatial pattern. In Beijing population suburbanization continue to promote population suburbanization from near field to far-field diffusion changes, showing new features. Some suburban town streets employment population density increases, the Metro began to play the role of easing population. Employment pull capacity in Metropolitan area peripheral spheres is still insufficient. Beijing has a distinct functional zoning, regional function evolving from employment-oriented to residence-oriented, the suburbs having the best balance between housing and jobs. By the GIS Data of residence and employment communities, it can be found that the number of residence compact communities increase and distribute more diffuse, making the spatial mismatch of residence and employment more apparent.