绝对音高感知是一种极少数人所具有的能力，具有绝对音高感的人可以在没有任何参照的条件下命名一个独立的音符。然而影响这种能力获得的因素仍不清楚。研究表明绝对音高者在音高感知方面的能力强于普通控制组,汉语是声调语言,音高信息是汉语语音的重要信息,那么绝对音高者在加工范畴化语音方面加工能力究竟表现为何种特点仍有待研究。研究一，为研究影响绝对音高的获得因素,本研究通过对92名音乐学院学生音高辨别能力的测量，考察音乐学习起始时间和乐器音高类型等因素对音高辨别能力的作用。结果发现：1）绝对音高组开始训练乐器的年龄显著早于准绝对音高组（QAP）和相对音高组（RP）被试；同时，绝对音高组所演奏固定音高乐器的比例显著多于其他两组；2）进一步回归分析表明，开始训练乐器的年龄与演奏乐器类型对于音高命名成绩具有显著预测作用。综合以上，本研究发现开始乐器学习训练越早，以及演奏固定音高类型的乐器，对音高辨别能力的获得和发展具有积极的影响。研究二，为研究绝对音高在范畴化知觉上的能力,我们试图从行为和脑电层面研究绝对音高者和非绝对音高者的范畴化加工能力。行为研究中选择46人，用音乐音高刺激（复合波刺激）和非语音声调刺激探索两组音乐家们的范畴化感知。结果发现，复合波刺激上，范畴间刺激的辨别上，绝对音高组辨别的准确率高于非绝对音高组，在范畴内刺激间两组无差异；非语音刺激上，范畴内刺激的辨别存在显著差异，表现为非绝对音高组辨别准确率高于绝对音高组，范畴间刺激的辨别准确率无组间差异。脑电研究中，选取46个音乐专业学生中的32名,考察他们在音乐刺激音高的范畴化感知。实验采用oddball范式，音乐刺激条件下，结果发现,绝对音高组和相对音高组的MMN波幅值在范畴内刺激上无差别，在范畴间刺激上右侧电极点绝对音高组波幅值高于非绝对音高组；P3成分的峰值点存在显著的组间差异，即非绝对音高组的值高于绝对音高组。非语音刺激条件下，两组没有显著的组间差异。综合行为和脑电实验的结果，绝对音高组在加工与音乐有关的刺激时比非绝对音高组更敏感，而在非音乐的语音刺激上并没有发现优势。

There is a very limited number of people called ‘absolute pitch, with the capacity of identifying a pitch without using any reference tone. However, the factor of acquiring this ability is still a question. We tested the ability to distinguish pitch among 92 musicians in China Conservatory, trying to figure out the effect of onset time and type of instrument. We ask musician to write the pitch name (e.g. C,F#,E)which they heard. According to the score, they are classified into 3 groups, naming absolute pitch(AP),quasi-absolute pitch(QAP) and relative pitch(RP). Questionnaire of musical experience is used to survey their past and current musical environment. We found that the onset age of AP is earlier than the other two groups; the number of using fixed-do type dominated the AP group; the regression analysis found the onset age and type of instrument can predict the ability of pitch naming score. To investigate the categorical perception of the absolute pitch, we selected 46 musician to determine their categorical perception on the music tone and non-speech lexical tone. We found that it is on the across category of music tone that there is a significant difference between the two groups, whereas, there is not difference on within category. For the non-speech condition, there is a significant difference for the within category between two groups, but not for the across condition. For the third experiment, we chose 32 musician for the ERP experiment, we took oddball paradigm to test the fundamental reaction to the perception of pitch contour. We found a significant mean amplitude difference on the electrode of F4 for across condition of music tone; the value of peak for P3 differ on the music condition between two groups , but not for the language condition. Both of the behavior and ERP experiment found that AP group is good at the condition which is relative to music experience, however ,for the condition which is related to language experience there is not a difference between the two groups.