本文主要探讨农村宅基地“三权分置”的制度改革，着重从权利构造和实践中的问题两方面进行研究，旨在提出完善“三权分置”权利构造的方向和措施。

在引言中，本文介绍了研究背景和意义、研究现状以及研究思路和方法。在第一部分中，本文先介绍了宅基地的基本概念和演变，从宅基地私有制到集体所有制，再到改革开放后“两权分离”，过渡到为什么党和国家要进行新一轮的改革，也就是三权分置改革的必要性问题：从小产权房问题的亟待解决到传统“两权分离”所面临的困境，其中的关键就在于处理好宅基地三权分置，而关键中的关键是权利构造和法律制度安排；另外对三权分置的政策进行了梳理，以期在政策设想的框架和政策期待的目标下对宅基地三权分置及其权利构造进行有目的地分析，对学术观点进行政策上的具体考量。接着，在第二部分中，本文探讨了权利构造的理论争议，评析了各种观点的优劣，分别阐述了所有权、资格权和使用权的性质、边界和管理等问题，对每一项分权都进行了细致的梳理。在第三部分中，本文通过四川泸县和福建晋江的改革试点分析农村宅基地“三权分置”制度改革的推进情况和实践中的问题，尤其是宅基地三权分置改革中显露出来的所直面的问题。最后，在第四部分中，本文提出了完善“三权分置”权利构造的具体措施，对三权分置后的具体权利分别提出了对策，指出其中应额外注意的关键点，以期为改革顺利推进和乡村振兴战略实施做出贡献。

通过一系列的讨论和研究，本文认为农村宅基地“三权分置”制度改革在理论上具有较高的可行性和实践意义，可以极大地改善目前的宅基地闲置困境，但在实践中仍然存在一些问题和难点。因此，本文提出了一些完善“三权分置”权利构造的措施和建议，落实宅基地集体所有权、明晰资格权的边界和放活使用权的机制。未来，本文认为还需进一步深入探讨和完善这一制度，以更好地满足实际需求和推进乡村振兴战略。

This article mainly explores the reform of the "three rights separation" system of rural homesteads, focusing on the research of rights construction and practical issues, with the aim of proposing methods and measures to improve the construction of the "three rights separation" rights.

In the preface, we introduced some basic facts about this article. Next， we first introduced the basic concept and evolution of homesteads, from private ownership to collective ownership, and then to the "two rights separation" after the reform and opening up. We further discussed the necessity of the reform of the "three rights separation" system of homesteads, from the urgent need to solve the problem of small property rights housing to the dilemma faced by the traditional "two rights separation". The key is to handle the "three rights separation" of homesteads, and the key within the key is rights construction and legal system arrangement. In addition, the policy of "three rights separation" was sorted out in order to analyze the rights construction of homesteads "three rights separation" in a targeted manner within the framework of policy design and expected goals, and to consider academic viewpoints in policy implementation. In the third part, we explored the theoretical controversies of rights construction, evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of various viewpoints, and elaborated on the nature, boundaries, and management of ownership, qualification rights, and use rights, carefully examining each decentralized right. In the fourth part, we analyzed the progress and problems of the reform of the "three rights separation" system of rural homesteads through case studies, especially the problems revealed in the reform of homestead "three rights separation". Finally, in the fifth part, we proposed specific measures to improve the construction of the "three rights separation" rights, including implementing collective ownership of homesteads, clarifying the boundaries of homestead qualification rights, and improving the mechanism of homestead use rights.

The study found that the reform of the "three rights separation" system of rural homesteads has high theoretical feasibility and practical significance, but there are still some problems and difficulties in practice. Therefore, we propose some measures and suggestions to improve the construction of the "three rights separation" rights, such as implementing collective ownership of homesteads, clarifying the boundaries of qualification rights, and improving the mechanism of use rights. In the future, we need to further explore and improve this system to better meet practical needs and promote the strategy of rural revitalization.