| 中文题名： | 中国气温与降水变化特性分析 |
| 姓名： | |
| 保密级别： | 公开 |
| 论文语种： | 中文 |
| 学科代码： | 070201 |
| 学科专业： | |
| 学生类型： | 学士 |
| 学位： | 理学学士 |
| 学位年度： | 2021 |
| 学校： | 北京师范大学 |
| 校区： | |
| 学院： | |
| 第一导师姓名： | |
| 第一导师单位： | |
| 提交日期： | 2021-06-13 |
| 答辩日期： | 2021-05-18 |
| 外文题名： | Analysis of the Characteristics of Air Temperature and Precipitation in China |
| 中文关键词： | |
| 外文关键词： | Cloud Droplet Spectrum ; Supersaturation ; Precipitation ; Rainfall frequency ; Climate State ; Trend Analysis |
| 中文摘要： |
由于温室效应的影响，全球气温都出现了明显的升高趋势，而与此同时，全球各地的降水量也出现了显著变化，因此了解气温与降水变化及其相关关系对于气候变化的研究便显得十分重要。本文从理论计算和数据分析两个层面研究了1961-2018年中国整体与局部的气温和降水的变化以及二者的相关关系。在理论计算部分，通过模拟云滴群的增长以及形成降水的过程，计算了云内温度变化对于降水量的影响，发现对于特定的云，表面张力随温度的变化能够使云内过饱和度增加，从而使单次降水的降水量增加约10%/K；在数据分析部分，通过分别对气温和降水的气候态变化分析以及时间序列趋势分析、显著性检验，发现全国降水量随气温升高约13.9%/K，且降水频率减少、单次降水强度普遍增加。此外，气温和降水的依赖关系也有一定的地区差异，具体表现为华北地区降水随气温升高5.1%/K，东北地区为5.6%/K，长江地区为19.6%/K，东南地区为20.4%/K，西南地区为14.1%/K，西北地区为9.2%/K。从结果来看，理论计算和数据分析显示出了一定的一致性，即理论计算对于实际气温与降水的变化规律有一定的借鉴意义。
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| 外文摘要： |
The greenhouse effect has resulted in the trend of global warming, and at the same time, the precipitation around the world has also changed profoundly. Therefore, it is of great significance to unravel the temperature and precipitation’s change and their relationship for the study of climate change. This paper studies the characteristics of temperature and precipitation in China from 1961 to 2018. In the theoretical calculation part, by simulating the growth of cloud droplets and the formation of precipitation, the influence of cloud temperature change is calculated, and it turns out that for a specific cloud, the change in surface tension with temperature can increase the supersaturation in the cloud, which promotes precipitation by about 10%/K. In the data analysis part, the climate state change in temperature and precipitation is analyzed, as well as the time series trend analysis and significance test. It turns out that basically, the precipitation shows an increasing nationwide trend by 13.9%/K as temperature increases, which is the comprehensive result from the decrease of rainfall frequency and the increase of rainfall intensity. Besides, the precipitation-temperature relationship shows regional differences, which are 5.1%/K in the North China, 5.6%/K in the Northwest region, 19.6%/K in the Yangtze River valley, 20.4%/K in the Southeast region, 14.1%/K in the Southwest region, and 9.2%/K in the Northwest region. As the results of theoretical calculation and data analysis show accordance, the results of theoretical calculation can be of referential significance for the actual precipitation-temperature relationship.
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| 参考文献总数： | 42 |
| 插图总数： | 16 |
| 插表总数： | 9 |
| 馆藏号： | 本070201/21066 |
| 开放日期： | 2022-06-13 |
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