目前中国已经完全步入老龄化社会，老年人口的数量还在急剧上升。便随着庞大的老年群体而来的就是棘手的养老问题。这是政府，社会和家庭都必须面对且亟待解决的难题。面对现阶段养老机构良莠不齐，传统养老模式功能单一,居家养老模式恰好解决了单一这个问题且又能符合大部分老年人喜欢的传统养老模式的观念。在这样一种背景下，居家养老成为了政府开展养老工作最好的选择。以家庭为核心，同时充分发挥社区的功能，调动专业社工机构等各方面的力量全面为老年群体打造一个幸福的晚年生活。关于社会工作如何介入社区居家养老的研究虽然挺多的，但是大多都集中在社工如何介入居家养老和介入居家养老的途径，很少有研究从建立社会支持网络的角度出发。为了弥补这一研究缺陷，笔者以社会支持理论为基础，通过评估在开展服务的过程中收集到的一手或者二手资料，分析老人在建立支持网过程中存在的问题，从宏观，中观，微观三个层面分别探究老人建立的社会支持网络的方法与途径。其中宏观层面主要指的政府，其中包括完善现有的养老保障制度，让完善的制度作为保障老年人群体权益的根基。加大对基础设施建设的投入，为老年人打造有利于其进行社交，建立支持网的环境。为专业人才建立良好的工作环境，在当前环境下如何留住专业人才培养专业人才是政府应当认真考虑的问题。建立社区工作人员的评估和监督机制，政府不仅仅应当是政策的制定者还应当作为政策落实的监督者，督促区工作人员落实服务的开展。中观层面主要是指社区，社会企业和志愿者。社区环境的好坏，工作人员的工作态度，服务提供的专业化程度，都直接影响到了居家养老开展的成效。此外居家养老不仅仅是政府，社区或者老年人个人的事情，社会企业应该尽自己应当承担的企业社会责任。比如提供资金或者为老福利行活动，弥补政府在资金方面的缺陷。同时服务的开展过程中充分发挥志愿团队的辅助作用。微观层面主要是从老人自身出发，然后分别从其家人，同事朋友和邻里之间建立支持网。 本文立足与笔者参与北京市M社工机构承接的东城区居家养老项目，作为一线社工在L街道P社区开展为老工作，运用半结构，无结构式访谈法以及参与式观察法收集资料法。开展了一系列的介入活动，主要有：焦点小组，收集老人四大方面的需求。主题小组，根据老人提出来的要求，开展学习类主题小组。走访未老服务商，帮助老人链接物质资源以及挖掘潜在的为老服务商。康乐活动，与养老驿站和社区一起丰富社区活动，增进邻里之间的情感交流与沟通。入户探访，主要针对高龄独居老人和扶助老人，考虑到这类老人平日无法参加社区活动，于是通过一对一的入户探访形式对其精神慰藉，提供情感支持以及其他方面的必要性帮助。建立志愿者团队，完善社区和驿站工作人员在探访工作方面的缺陷。此外笔者还对自己在服务开展过程中面临的问题做了反思，在现有资料和项目评估的基础上，对完善社区居家养老中的社会支持网络提出建议。

At present China has completely entered in an aging society, and the number of the old is still rising sharply. The tough problem of the elderly care comes up with this kind of huge elderly population. This is a problem that the government society and the family must face and need to be solved urgently. Given that the quality of old-age care agencies is the good and the bad intermingled and the traditional pension mode has a single function, home care model just right solves this problem. In the same time this model has the same conception with the traditional pension mode that the elderly like. In such a context, home-based care has become the best choice for the government to carry out pension work. Take the family as the core while giving full play to the functions of the community. Mobilize the power of professional social work institutions and other groups to create a comfortable environment for the elderly in their old age. Although there are quite a lot of studies on how social work is involved in community home care most of them focus on how social workers can intervene in home-based care and intervening in home-based care. very few studies start from the perspective of social support networks. To make up for this research flaw the author is based on social support theory and analyze the problems existing in the process of establishing support networks by assessing first-hand or second-hand data collected during the course of service development. The methods and approaches to explore the social support network established by the elderly from the macro, meso and micro levels. The macro level mainly refers to the government. This includes improving the existing pension security system and making the perfect system the basis for protecting the rights and interests of the elderly. Increase investment in infrastructure construction to create an environment for the elderly to socialize and build support networks. To establish a good working environment for professional talents. How to retain professional talents and to train professionals in the current environment is a matter that the government should seriously consider. To establish a community staff assessment and supervision mechanism, the government should not only be the policy maker but also the supervisor of the policy implementation and promote the community staff to do their best to carry out the service in the community and implement the service. The meso level mainly refers to the community, social enterprises and volunteers. The quality of the community environment, the attitude of the staff, and the degree of specialization of service provision directly affect the effectiveness of home-based care. In addition, home-based pensions are not just things for the government, the community, or the elderly. Social enterprises should do their own corporate social responsibility. For example, providing funds or activities for the old welfare, to make up for the government's financial shortcomings. At the same time, the service team will fully play the auxiliary role of the volunteer team. The micro level is mainly from the elderly themselves, and then establish a support network between their families, colleagues and friends. This article is based on the Dongcheng District Home Care Project undertaken by the M Social Work Agency which the author participates in. As a first-line social worker in the L Street P community I use semi-structured, unstructured interviews and participatory observations to collect data during the home care service. A series of interventions were carried out. Including Focus Group to collect the needs of the elderly in four aspects. Theme Group according to the requirements of the elderly to carry out learning thematic group activities. Visit young service providers to help older people link material resources and find potential old service providers. Recreational activities, together with old-age posts and communities, enrich community activities and enhance emotional exchanges and communication between neighbors. Establishing volunteer team to improve the defect of community and post staff in visiting work. In addition, the author also reflects on the problems faced by himself in the process of service development. On the basis of existing information and project evaluation, the author puts forward suggestions on improving the social support network in community home-based pension.