过去十多年间，社会企业作为一种用商业运营模式实现社会使命、创造社会价值、解决社会问题的社会创新实践在我国悄然兴起。然而，中国社会企业面临着合法性薄弱、组织资源匮乏、组织能力不足等可持续发展困境。国内外相关研究发现，社会企业所处环境的资源可及性是影响社会企业可持续性发展的重要因素，但关于这一研究主题我国目前缺乏深入的实证研究。为弥补上述研究空白，本文通过对274家社会企业的典型案例进行模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA），研究社会企业外部环境中财务资本、人力资本、政治资本、社会资本、智力资本等面向的资源可及性对我国不同类型社会企业（自营收入型、政府资金型和慈善捐赠型）的经济与社会绩效可持续性的影响。

主要研究发现包括以下几点：其一，社会企业外部环境中单独某种资源的可及性不能成为我国社会企业实现高或非高组织可持续性的必要条件，社会企业经济与社会绩效可持续性发展是不同类型资源可及性协同作用的结果。其二，自营收入型社会企业在实现经济与社会绩效可持续性发展的过程中对外部环境资源条件具有更强的包容度和适应性，可以通过多种资源可及性组态实现可持续发展，而政府资金型和慈善捐赠型社会企业实现可持续发展的资源可及性路径明显更为单一。其三，不同类型资源的可及性作为影响社会企业经济与社会绩效可持续性的影响因素，其重要性存在明显差异。其四，资源可及性组态对于社会企业的高和非高组织可持续性呈现非对称性影响。

Over the past decade, social enterprise has quietly risen in our country, as a social innovation practice using a business operation model to realize social mission, create social value, and solve social problems. However, Chinese social enterprises are faced with the dilemma of sustainable development such as weak legitimacy, lack of organizational resources and insufficient organizational capacity. Relevant studies at home and abroad have found that resource accessibility in the environment of social enterprises is an important factor affecting the sustainable development of social enterprises, but there is a lack of in-depth empirical research on this research topic in China. In order to fill the research gap mentioned above, this paper conducts qualitative fuzzy set comparative analysis (fsQCA) on 274 typical cases of social enterprises. This paper studies the impact of the availability of financial capital, human capital, political capital, social capital, intellectual capital and other resources in the external environment of social enterprises on the sustainability of economic and social performance of different types of social enterprises (self-income, government funds and charitable donations) in China.

The main research findings include the following: First, the accessibility of certain resources in the external environment of social enterprises cannot be a necessary condition for Chinese social enterprises to achieve high or non-high organizational sustainability, and the sustainable development of economic and social performance of social enterprises is the result of the synergy of accessibility of different types of resources. Second, in the process of achieving sustainable development of economic and social performance, self-income social enterprises have stronger tolerance and adaptability to external environmental and resource conditions, and can achieve sustainable development through multiple resource accessibility configurations, while government-funded and charitable donation social enterprises have significantly more single resource accessibility paths to achieve sustainable development. Thirdly, the accessibility of different types of resources as factors affecting the sustainability of economic and social performance of social enterprises has obvious differences in importance. Fourth, resource accessibility configurations have asymmetrical effects on high and non-high organizational sustainability of social enterprises.