欧文•克里斯托（1920—2009）是美国新保守主义思想的重要代表人物之一。他的思想脉路曲折多变，深受当时社会环境的影响，先后信奉左派托洛茨基主义、自由主义和新保守主义。克里斯托是一名社会新保守主义者。在政治方面，他批判美国政府“新边疆”“伟大社会”政策具有乌托邦倾向，是一种与社会实际状况相脱节的美好幻想。在经济层面，他反对新阶级对资本主义体系的批判，他认为新阶级之所以敌视资本主义，是因为资本主义市场是依靠普通民众的选择而运作的，所以新阶级渴望夺回重塑资本主义社会的权力。在社会道德层面，克里斯托认为政治上的乌托邦倾向、经济上新阶级对资本主义的敌视，根本原因就是道德的衰落。道德之所以衰落是因为宗教的衰落，而世俗人文主义、现代主义艺术、诺斯替主义替代宗教的尝试都归于失败了，所以，当前的解决之道就是重新复兴宗教，构建资本主义政治、经济、道德相互支撑的合理框架。克里斯托以抑制发展欲望来平复现实危机、求助于传统道德和宗教来维护现存秩序的主张，是一种典型的保守主义思维，他由此成为一代新保守主义者的代表人物。克里斯托的思想之所以能产生广泛影响，首先是因为他的保守主张既未过时、也非倒退，而具有深厚的现实基础。他所要回归的“传统”是美国崛起所依赖的自由市场、工作伦理，以及既为之提供精神支撑、又形成道德制约的宗教教义和伦理道德。其次，他的文章观点锐利鲜明、语气不容置疑、文章短小精悍、论述未必精深但能自圆其说，更符合大众的阅读习惯并满足其心理需要。总之，克里斯托一方面以自由的卫道士自居，另一方面却强调权威、秩序与控制；一方面捍卫经济自由，另一方面主张恢复传统道德和宗教，由此推动、保持了美国制度和思想体系中的双重结构和内在平衡。

Irving Kristol(1920 - 2009) was born in a poor Jewish family from New York City.During his adulthood, he had believed in Trotskism , liberalism and then became one of the most important figures of American neoconservatism . Kristol's critique on liberalism was mainly focused on the social and cultural fields. On the political aspect, he saw Kennedy's New Frontier Policy and Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society Policy as utopianism. On the economic aspect, he opposed the New Class. He thought the New Class advocates environmental protection movement and the consumer protection movement, in order to seizes the political power which can remodeling social order. On the social moral respect, Kristol believed that the moral decline has caused the utopianism in politics and the New Class’s hostile to capitalism. Since the moral decline is because of religious decline, so the best solution is to revival religion, to complete a reasonable framework include politic, economic and moral.Kristol defended liberalism on one hand, and then stressed the importance of authority and social order on the other hand. He defended the free development of economic on one hand, and then advocated to restore traditional moral and religious. In short, Kristol’s work showed the inner balance and dual structure of American ideology system.