本文采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法，通过理论联系实际，对山东省滕州市城镇体系职能结构、等级规模结构、空间结构进行实证研究。对市域城镇体系结构的现状进行研究并预测其发展；基于近10年（1996-2005年）的经济数据和城镇人口数据对城镇体系的演化趋势进行研究，探寻实现城镇体系优化而应采取的具体措施。下面对其做以简要阐述。1、运用主成分分析方法对滕州市市域城镇体系职能结构进行研究，发现各城镇之间的职能趋同联系不密切；职能主体集中于中心城区（四个街道办事处）；市域城镇职能层次低，分工协作不明显，系统性不强。在建设和谐社会、区域协调发展的背景下，对未来滕州市城镇体系职能结构进行优化组合，以期从现状的城镇间缺乏联系、职能结构单一和雷同的状况转向职能多样化、分工协作明确的新的职能体系。2、中心镇具有城市副中心的职能，起到带动周围区域发展的作用。在分析中心镇概念、特征及重要性基础上，确立了城镇体系规划中中心镇选择的方法。通过对滕州市17个建制镇的中心性和发展潜力进行测算，结合交通因素、地形因素等，本着区域平衡的原则，选出5个有综合优势的小城镇做为滕州市的中心城镇。3、通过对滕州市的城镇人口进行2城市指数、4城市指数和11城市指数的计算，发现城镇首位度很大，城镇体系呈首位分布，首位城市在整个市域城镇体系中占有绝对的垄断地位，具有很大的优势。然后再通过对镇区人口进行标准化处理，作出市域城镇规模散点图，进一步发现滕州市城镇体系等级规模结构呈首位分布；全市中间层次的小城镇数量较少，城镇平均规模较小。运用逻辑斯蒂模型、增长率法和就业弹性系数法分别对2020年城镇体系等级规模进行预测，发现，尽管在预测时对未来估计很乐观，但是仍存在小城镇规模普遍不高的状况，规划期末，仍将有较多小城镇城镇人口较少。笔者认为其主要原因是各城镇所在区域资源环境、地形条件和历史机遇不同造成的，建议加快小城镇的发展，改变城市首位度过大的现实。4、滕州市城镇体系空间结构呈明显的带状分布，主要沿104国道和345省道——滕州到枣庄一级路分布，同时还表现为区域的差异，主要是地形和资源分布的影响造成的。运用万有引力公式和断裂点公式对城镇之间的吸引边界线进行定量计算，划定城镇体系空间功能分区。5、为了进一步分析滕州市城镇体系等级规模结构规律，本文还采用了分形理论进行研究。发现市域内城镇体系规模等级结构较为松散，人口呈不均匀分布，首位城镇垄断性较大，城镇体系发育还不成熟，城镇体系等级规模结构呈首位分布，这个结论和先前的分析相吻合。 6、最后针对研究中所发现的问题，笔者提出了未来滕州市城镇体系结构优化的目标以及应采取的措施。

This paper studies the function structure, the structure of sca1e, and the spatial structure of urban system in a county. lt uses the methods of linking up determining the nature with fixing quantify and combining tradition with modernity for demonstrating that of Tengzhou in Shandong in this paper. It researches the status of urban system and forecasts the developing, Based on the data of economy and popu1ation in the town of ten years, the evolving direction of urban system has been put forward. At last it seeks into the settlement measure for optimize the structure. So it wil1 be set forth briefly.1. It uses the main component anaIysis to study the function structure of urban system in a county.I find that the function relation between the vi11ages and towns is not osculation, the main body of the function system focus on the center city zone, and the levels are low, cooperation isn't distinctive, systematism isn't strong .On the construction of harmonious society and harmonious development of China the function sty1e will be transformed the weak, single, similar status into the various one in the future.2. :In this article , I analyses the conception and character，importance of the centre - town , based on which to put forward it’s choice.3.By calculating 2 city exponent, 4 exponent, 11 exponent of population in towns, I find that the primacy of the urban is very great, and the biggest urban head the sheer monopolization. The number on the middle level is smaller, and the development is bad. secondly, in the process of forecasting the scale of urban system in 2020 by logistic model, increasing ratio and labour force flexibility ,I find that the population of small towns is general smaller though I optimize the future. So, I think that the reason is caused by natural condition and the historical accident.4.The spatial structure takes on obvious strip distributing, which mainly is a1ong the 104 national highway and the 345 province highway-Tengzhou to Zaozhuang highway. And it shows the north-south discrepancy. which is caused by the resource and the terrain.I use the universal gravitation formula and breakpoint formula to calculate the boundary of attracting each towns. 5.For more analysis the rule of the structure of scale structure of the urban system in a county I use fractal theory to research in the paper. As the same as the former resu1ts, l conclude that the mainly town situates the monopoly status.6.At last, I put forward the goal of perfecting the structure and the measure what will be adopted which will solve the problem that l find in the research.