滤泡辅助性T细胞（Follicular Helper T Cell，Tfh）是主要存在于滤泡组织生发中心的辅助性T细胞，主要功能为辅助生发中心的B细胞增殖分化为浆细胞、记忆B细胞，同时筛选出高亲和力的GC-B细胞，因此得名为滤泡辅助性T细胞。抗原特异性B细胞是体液免疫的关键性细胞，对机体的免疫应答起着十分重要的作用，以消除内外源病原体对机体的威胁，维持内环境稳态，因此，Tfh细胞在免疫系统中发挥着重要作用，在多种疾病中发挥着保护或者致病作用。Tfh细胞的分化起源于初始CD4+ T细胞，受到树突状细胞和B细胞的刺激，分化为GC-Tfh细胞。本研究对Tfh细胞在小鼠不同外周免疫器官和发育阶段中的分化和功能特点进行研究，得出以下结论：（1）Tfh细胞在肠系膜淋巴结中分化比例最高、功能最强，在脾脏中最低。（2）Tfh细胞在小鼠成年期之前数量随年龄增长而增加，成年后减少，功能随年龄增长而增加。

Tfh is a helper T cell mainly present in the follicular tissue germinal center, and the main function is that the B cells of the Germinal center proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells and memory B cells, while screening out GC-B cells with high affinity, so it is named follicular helper T cells. Antigen-specific B cells are key cells of humoral immunity, which play a very important role in the body's immune response to eliminate the threat of endogenous pathogens to the body and maintain internal environmental homeostasis, therefore, Tfh cells play an important role in the immune system and play a protective or pathogenic role in a variety of diseases. Differentiation of Tfh cells originates from naïve CD4+ T cells, stimulated by dendritic cells and B cells, to differentiate into GC-Tfh cells. In this study, the differentiation and functional characteristics of Tfh cells in different peripheral immune organs and developmental stages of mice were studied, and the following conclusions were drawn: (1) Tfh cells had the highest differentiation ratio and the strongest function in mesenteric lymph nodes, and the lowest in the spleen. (2) The number of Tfh cells increases with age before the adult stage of mice, decreases after adulthood, and increases with age.