随着互联网普及和高中生网络使用率提高，正处于青春期的高中生在使用网络的过程中难免会遇到一些网络欺凌事件，对高中生的心理健康带来诸多不良影响。虽然传统的校园欺凌已被证实与高中生抑郁、焦虑之间存在着正向相关关系，且会使青少年产生不同程度的创伤后应激症状（PTSD症状），但针对网络受欺凌是否会引发青少年创伤后应激症状等问题尚未得到充分回答。因此，本研究在探索高中生网络受欺凌现状和创伤后应激障碍患病率的基础上，从神经质水平和表达抑制角度出发，探索网络受欺凌与创伤后应激症状之间的作用机制。
研究采用方便抽样法，以河南某市三所高中的2919名高中生为被试，运用网络受欺凌量表、创伤后应激障碍量表（第五版）、情绪调节量表的表达抑制维度、大五人格量表的神经质维度进行施测。事后，运用SPSS 26.0进行数据录入和统计分析，首先对研究工具进行共同方法偏差检验，其次采取描述性统计、差异分析、相关和回归分析等统计方法对高中生网络受欺凌、创伤后应激症状、神经质和表达抑制的基本情况以及四者之间的关系进行描述和分析。
研究结果显示：（1）近三分之一（36.52%）高中生经历过网络欺凌，由网络欺凌诱发的创伤后应激障碍患病率为7.5%。（2）网络受欺凌与被试者的性别（p<0.001）、年级（p<0.001）、居住地（p<0.05）之间存在显著差异；创伤后应激症状与年级之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）；神经质和表达抑制在居住地上存在显著差异（t=2.13，p<0.05；t=2.48，p<0.05）。（3）高中生网络受欺凌、神经质、表达抑制与创伤后应激症状之间存在显著相关性（p<0.01）。（4）网络受欺凌对创伤后应激症状的预测作用显著（B =1.28，t=22.60，p<0.001），且神经质与表达抑制在高中生网络受欺凌与创伤后应激症状之间起中介作用（B =-0.36，t=-10.67，p<0.001；B =0.31，t=6.45，p<0.001）。
本研究主要结论为：（1）我国高中生群体中，网络欺凌的发生率高，由此诱发的创伤后应激症状，需要重点关注。（2）网络受欺凌不仅能够直接预测创伤后应激症状，而且能够通过神经质和表达抑制的中介作用预测创伤后应激症状的出现，且两条中介路径中，神经质的中介作用更强。
基于研究结论，本研究以社会工作的视角出发，从网络欺凌事件的防治、对PTSD症状的及时发现与干预、对高神经质水平个体的筛查与干预、对情绪调节策略的正确引导这四个层面提出相关建议，通过联合社会各方力量，改善网络环境，营造健康安全的上网环境，为青少年能够有一个安全健康的成长环境而努力。

With the popularity of the Internet and the increased use of the Internet by high school students, high school students in their adolescence will inevitably encounter some cyberbullying incidents in the process of using the Internet, which brings many adverse effects on the mental health of high school students. Although traditional school bullying has been proven to have a positive correlation with depression and anxiety in high school students and to cause different degrees of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD symptoms) in adolescents, the question of whether cyberbullying triggers post-traumatic stress symptoms in adolescents has not been fully answered. Therefore, this study explored the mechanism of action between cyberbullying and PTSD symptoms from the perspective of neuroticism level and expression suppression based on exploring the current situation of cyberbullying and the prevalence of PTSD among high school students.
A convenience sampling method was used to administer the Cyberbullying Scale, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale (5th edition), the Expression Suppression Dimension of the Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Neuroticism Dimension of the Big Five Personality Inventory to 2919 high school students from three high schools in a city in Henan Province as subjects. Afterwards, data entry and statistical analysis were conducted using SPSS 26.0, firstly to test for common method bias in the study instruments, and secondly to describe and analyze the basic profiles of cyberbullying, posttraumatic stress symptoms, neuroticism, and expression suppression among high school students and the relationships among the four using statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation, and regression analysis.
The results of the study showed that (1) nearly one-third (36.52%) of high school students had experienced cyberbullying, and the prevalence of PTSD induced by cyberbullying was 7.5%. (2) There were significant differences between cyberbullying and subjects' gender (p<0.001), grade (p<0.001), and residence (p<0.05); significant differences between post-traumatic stress symptoms and grade (p<0.05); and significant differences between neuroticism and expression suppression on residence (t=2.13, p<0.05; t=2.48, p< 0.05). (3) There was a significant correlation between cyberbullying, neuroticism, expression suppression and post-traumatic stress symptoms among high school students (p<0.01). (4) Cyberbullying was a significant predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms (B =1.28, t=22.60, p<0.001), and neuroticism and expression suppression mediated the relationship between cyberbullying and posttraumatic stress symptoms in high school students (B =-0.36, t=-10.67, p<0.001; B =0.31, t=6.45, p<0.001).
The main findings of this study were (1) The high prevalence of cyberbullying and the resulting induced posttraumatic stress symptoms in our high school student population require focused attention. (2) Cyberbullying not only directly predicts post-traumatic stress symptoms, but also predicts the emergence of post-traumatic stress symptoms through the mediating role of neuroticism and expression suppression, and the mediating role of neuroticism is stronger among the two mediating pathways.
Based on the findings of the study, this study, from the perspective of social work, proposes four levels of prevention and treatment of cyberbullying, timely detection and intervention of PTSD symptoms, screening and intervention of individuals with high neuroticism level, and proper guidance of emotion regulation strategies, so as to improve the online environment and create a healthy and safe online environment by uniting the strengths of all social parties, and make efforts for a safe and healthy environment for adolescents to grow up. We will work hard to provide a safe and healthy environment for young people to grow up.