背景：在诸多心理物理学的范式中都发现，训练可以提高人的行为成绩。这种行为的进步被认为是人类大脑具备可塑性的证据。但是迄今为止，这种在大脑中出现的变化并没有被完全地理解。 主要发现：N2pc成份在早先的研究中被认为与视觉空间注意能力相关。在这次研究中，我们运用事件相关电位（ERPs）技术去探究在一个长期的视知觉学习任务中，该N2pc成份是否会产生相应的变化。13名被试被邀请完成这个持续多天的视知觉学习任务，并在30天之后完成一个后测。实验结果显示，被试训练侧视野的行为成绩在多天的训练中得到了显著的提高，并且这种行为成绩的提高同时表现在了非训练侧。同时，被试的ERP结果显示，长期的训练显著增大了训练侧N2pc成份的波幅，这种增大虽然保持了30天之久，但是与行为成绩的提高不同， 增大并没有转移到非训练视野。 结论：训练可以让空间注意更加集中在目标位置，但是这种注意能力并没有转移到非训练视野——N2pc波幅并没有增大——我们认为空间注意能力并不是行为成绩提高的必要条件。

Background: Practice improves human performance in many psychophysical paradigms. This kind of improvement is thought to be the evidence of human brain plasticity. However, the changes that occur in the brain are not fully understood. Methodology/Principal Findings: The N2pc component has previously been associated with visuo-spatial attention. In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate whether the N2pc component changed during long-term visual perceptual learning. Thirteen subjects completed several days of training in an orientation discrimination task, and were given a final test 30 days later. The results showed that behavioral thresholds significantly decreased across training sessions, and this decrement was also present in the untrained visual field. ERPs showed training significantly increased the N2pc amplitude, and this effect could be maintained for up to 30 days. However, the increase in N2pc was specific to the trained visual field.Conclusion/Significance: Training caused spatial attention to be increasingly focused on the target positions. However, this process was not transferrable from the trained to the untrained visual field, which suggests that the increase in N2pc may be unnecessary for behavioral improvements in the untrained visual field.