语言是文化的载体，方言是地域文化的表现形式。本文以四川方言词汇为研究对象，在收集四川方言语料的基础上，对四川方言和普通话中的同形异义词进行了对比分析。本文结合现代汉语词汇学的相关知识，首先对词汇的理性义进行了对比；其次分析了四川方言与普通话中同形异义词在感情色彩、风格色彩、形象色彩方面的异同；最后对词汇的语法义进行比较，分析了四川方言和普通话中同形异义词在词语兼类和组合能力方面的差异。在了解其异同的基础上，本文从历史、地理、社会三个角度对四川方言与普通话中同形异义词汇产生差异的原因进行了探究。

Language is the carrier of culture, and dialect is the expression form of regional culture. This paper takes Sichuan dialect vocabulary as the research object, and on the basis of collecting Sichuan dialect corpus, makes a comparative analysis of the homonyms between Sichuan dialect and Mandarin. Based on the knowledge of modern Chinese lexicology, this paper firstly compares the rational meanings of words. Secondly, the paper analyzes the similarities and differences between Sichuan dialect and Mandarin in terms of emotion, style and image. Finally, the grammatical meaning of the words is compared, and the differences between the syntactic and combinatorial abilities of the homologous words in Sichuan dialect and Mandarin are analyzed. On the basis of understanding their similarities and differences, this paper probes into the causes of the differences between Sichuan dialect and Mandarin from the perspectives of history, geography and society.