近来我国刑事立法活跃，许多轻微违法行为入刑，进而使得犯罪结构发生显著变化，进入轻罪时代。与之相伴的是大量轻罪犯罪分子重返社会后的失权危机愈发严重。因此，本文的研究对象为刑事复权制度的构建，以帮助犯罪分子再社会化。我国学界和国外法律对刑事复权的定义都未达成共识，本篇论文以资格罚为前提来定义复权，包括刑罚体系中的资格刑以及非刑罚体系中的资格行政处罚。犯罪标签泛化问题的亟待解决、宽严相济刑事政策和刑罚特殊预防的要求都指向复权的立法化。目前，在我国构建刑事复权制度需要克服的首要难题在于犯罪记录制度。与此同时，还存在就业中过度政审、社会对有犯罪记录者的歧视等障碍。在可行性上，域外复权制度的成熟经验、被害人抗拒心理的可突破性、我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的实践都为此项制度给予了前提支撑。在制度的具体设计上，本文主张，将复权的适用对象限定为轻罪，在犯罪人依申请启动程序后，进行形式和实质的双重审查。在配套措施上，整合完善资格处罚的法律规定，对社会公众加以理念指引，最终构建具有中国特色的刑事复权制度。

Recently, China's criminal legislation has been active, and many minor illegal acts have been criminalized, which has led to significant changes in the structure of crime and an era of misdemeanor. Along with it is a large number of misdemeanor criminals back into society after the disenfranchisement crisis is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, the research object of this paper is the construction of rights restoration system in criminal law to help re-socialize criminals. There is no consensus on the definition of rights restoration in our academic circles and foreign laws, and this thesis defines rights restoration on the premise of qualification penalties, including qualification penalties in the penalty system as well as qualification administrative penalties in the non-penal system. The urgent need to solve the generalization of criminal records, the requirements of the criminal policy of leniency and strictness as well as the special prevention of punishment all point to the legislating of the rights restoration. At present, the primary challenge to construct the rights restoration system in our country lies in the criminal record system. At the same time, there are also obstacles such as excessive political examination in employment and social discrimination against people with criminal records. In terms of feasibility, the mature experience of extra-territorial rights restoration system, the breakthrough of the victim's resistance psychology, and the practice of China's juvenile criminal record sealing system have given the premise support for this system. In the specific design of the system, this paper advocates that the object of application of the rights restoration system is limited to misdemeanor crimes, and after the offender initiates the procedure according to the application, the form and substance of the double review. In terms of supporting measures, it integrates and improves the legal provisions on qualification penalties, provides conceptual guidance to the public, and ultimately constructs the rights restoration system featuring Chinese characteristics.