本研究通过对北京市房山区65岁以上老年人的调研，了解房山区老年人的人口学特征，老年人的社会支持获得情况，以及目前的生活满意度状况，从社会支持的不同维度分析对老年人生活满意度的影响，从而整合和利用有效的社会支持资源，为提升城市老年人的生活满意度和生活质量提供科学依据。

本研究使用定量方法，使用Lubben Social Network Scale和Diner等人编制的生活满意度量表（SWLS），对北京市房山区某国企退休老人进行问卷调查。使用SPSS25.0进行资料录入和分析。首先对老年人的基本情况进行描述性分析，了解老年人的个体特征、社会支持情况和生活满意度状况。在此基础上，通过Spearman相关分析了解变量之间的相关关系，之后运用二元Logistic回归分析老年人个体特征、社会支持对生活满意度的影响。

调查结果显示，老年人表示对生活满意的态度占比88.2%。亲人支持得分值为（10.2297±2.53895）分，朋友支持得分值为（8.1064±4.49879）分，相互支持分数为（6.0654±2.95376）分。二元Logistic回归分析结果表明亲人支持和朋友支持与老年人生活满意度存在显著正相关，支持得分越高，生活满意度越高，相互支持与老年人生活满意度不存在显著相关。此外，老年人个体特征中年龄、婚姻状况也与生活满意度存在显著性相关，年龄越大满意度越高，相比于未婚、丧偶的老年人，已婚有配偶的老年人生活满意度更高。

亲人支持和朋友支持与老年人的生活满意度存在显著正相关，婚姻与年龄也与老年人的生活满意度呈显著正相关。基于究结果，本文提出以下建议：首先，注重家庭支持的作用，弘扬传统孝道文化，引导和鼓励子女以及其他家庭成员多尽孝心，给与父母更多的日常照料和精神慰藉。其次，发挥朋友支持的作用，鼓励老年人走出家门，或者通过手机聊天和视频电话等方式，为老年人创造和朋友见面交流的机会，提高相互支持的水平。第三，关注老年人身心健康发展，开展健康知识讲座，提高老年人对疾病的预防意识。通过陪伴缓解老年人的消极情绪，鼓励老年人以开放的心态积极面对生活，提升生活满意度。最后，发挥社会工作的作用，社会工作者可以运用专业的方法，从个案、小组和社区三个方面帮助老年人解决困难，缓解压力，提升信心与能力，从而提升老年人的生活满意度。

The purpose of this study is to understand the status quo of life satisfaction and social support of the elderly in this area through the survey of life satisfaction and social support of the elderly over 65 years old in Fangshan District, Beijing, and analyze the different dimensions of social support The degree of impact of life satisfaction, so as to integrate and use effective social support resources, provide a scientific basis for improving the life satisfaction and quality of life of the elderly in the city.

This study used a quantitative method, using the Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS) compiled by Lubben Social Network Scale and Diner, to conduct a questionnaire survey on retired elderly people from a state-owned enterprise in Fangshan District, Beijing. Use SPSS25.0 for data entry and analysis. First, a descriptive analysis of the basic situation of the elderly to understand the individual characteristics, social support and life satisfaction of the elderly. On this basis, through Spearman correlation analysis to understand the correlation between variables, and then use binary logistic regression to analyze the impact of individual characteristics and social support on life satisfaction of the elderly.

The survey results show that the elderly expressed their satisfaction with life accounted for 88.2%. The score of relative support is (10.2297 ± 2.53895), the score of friend support is (8.1064 ± 4.49879), and the score of mutual support is (6.0654 ± 2.95376). The results of binary logistic regression analysis show that there is a significant positive correlation between family support and friend support and elderly life satisfaction. A high score on the scale indicates that the elderly have higher satisfaction, and there is no significant correlation between mutual support and elderly life satisfaction. In addition, age and marital status in the individual characteristics of the elderly are also significantly correlated with life satisfaction. The older the age, the higher the satisfaction. Compared with unmarried and widowed, married spouses have higher life satisfaction.

Family support and friend support are significantly positively correlated with the life satisfaction of the elderly, and marriage and age are also significantly positively correlated with the life satisfaction of the elderly. Based on the findings, this article proposes the following suggestions: First, pay attention to the role of family support, promote traditional filial piety culture, guide and encourage children and other family members to do more filial piety, and give parents more daily care and spiritual comfort. Secondly, give play to the role of friend support, encourage the elderly to go out of the home, or through mobile phone chat and video calls, to create opportunities for the elderly to meet and communicate with friends, and improve the level of mutual support. Third, pay attention to the development of the physical and mental health of the elderly, organize experts to conduct health knowledge lectures in the community, and raise the awareness of the elderly on disease prevention. Attention should also be paid to the mental health of the elderly, and accompanying them to alleviate the depression or negative emotions of the elderly, and encourage the elderly to actively face life with an open mind and improve their life satisfaction. Finally, to play the role of social work, social workers can use professional methods to help the elderly solve difficulties, relieve stress, enhance personal confidence and ability from the three aspects of case, group and community, thereby enhancing the life satisfaction of the elderly .