本研究以 301 名小学与初中阶段的留守儿童为被试，来考察歧视知觉、未来定向、自我效能感、主观幸福感以及孤独感之间的关系，结果表明：（1）与父或母一方在外的留守儿童相比，父母皆在外的留守儿童有更低水平的自我效能感，有更低水平的主观幸福感以及未来定向；同时有更高水平的歧视知觉，更高水平的孤独感。这些差异都达到了显著水平。（2）对于留守儿童来说，其歧视知觉水平越高，未来定向、自我效能感与主观幸福感水平越低，孤独感越高；其未来定向、自我效能感水平皆与主观幸福感有显著的正相关，与孤独感有显著的负相关。（3）年级较高的留守儿童与低年级留守儿童相比，歧视知觉更低，并更倾向于有较高水平的未来定向与自我效能感，其主观幸福感水平也较高，其孤独感水平更低。（4）对于留守儿童来说，其自我效能感与未来定向是歧视知觉与主观幸福感之间的中介变量，具体而言，歧视知觉通过负向影响自我效能感与未来定向而消极影响主观幸福感。（5）对于留守儿童而言，其自我效能感与未来定向是歧视知觉与孤独感之间的中介变量，具体而言，歧视知觉通过负向影响自我效能感与未来定向而消极影响孤独感。

In current study, 301 left-behind children in stage of primary school and juniormiddle school were selected as subject to study the relationships among perception ofdiscrimination, future orientation, self efficacy, subject well-being and loneliness. Theresults showed that:(1) For left-behind children, obviously, there was a positive correlation betweenthe perception of discrimination and future orientation, self efficacy and subjectwell-being, and a negative correlation with loneliness; there was a positive correlationbetween future orientation, self efficacy and subject well-being, and a negativecorrelation with loneliness.(2) Compared with left-behind children with one parent in the distance, thoseones with both parents in the distance had lower levels of self efficacy, subjectwell-being an future orientation, meanwhile, they had higher levels of perception ofdiscrimination and loneliness; and all these difference are statistically significant.(3) In perception of discrimination, there was significant difference betweendifferent grades, the higher the grade, the lower the perception of discrimination; inself efficacy, there was significant difference between different grades, the higher thegrade, the higher self efficacy ; in subject well-being, there was significant differencebetween different grades, the higher the grade, the higher level of subject well-being;in loneliness, there was significant difference between different grades, the higher thegrade, the lower the loneliness.(4) The gender, grade and staying status could significantly influenced theperception of discrimination, future orientation , self efficacy and subject well-beingin interaction mode.(5) For left-behind children, their perception of discrimination couldVsignificantly negatively predict their levels of subject well-being, self efficacy andfuture orientation; meanwhile the self efficacy and future orientation couldsignificantly positively predict their levels of subject well-being. In summary, forleft-behind children, their self efficacy and future orientation could be completelymediating variables between perception of discrimination and subject well-being.(6) For left-behind children, their perception of discrimination couldsignificantly positively predict their levels of loneliness, their perception ofdiscrimination could significantly negatively predict their self efficacy and futureorientation; meanwhile the self efficacy and future orientation could significantlypositively predict their levels of subject well-being. In summary, for left-behindchildren, their self efficacy and future orientation could be completely mediatingvariables between perception of discrimination and loneliness.