| 中文题名： | 社会支持与老年人日常生活能力的关系：认知的中介作用 |
| 姓名： | |
| 保密级别： | 公开 |
| 论文语种： | 中文 |
| 学科代码： | 035200 |
| 学科专业： | |
| 学生类型： | 硕士 |
| 学位： | 社会工作硕士 |
| 学位类型： | |
| 学位年度： | 2021 |
| 校区： | |
| 学院： | |
| 第一导师姓名： | |
| 第一导师单位： | |
| 提交日期： | 2021-06-23 |
| 答辩日期： | 2021-05-31 |
| 外文题名： | THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL SUPPORT AND ABILITY OF DAILY LIVING OF THE ELDERLY: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF COGNITION |
| 中文关键词： | |
| 外文关键词： | old people ; social support ; cognitive level ; ability of daily living |
| 中文摘要： |
背景：随着中国老龄人口比例的不断上升，城镇化、家庭核心化和空巢化等现象也不断出现，老年人的身体素质不断降低，社会互动的减少，由此带来老年人身体健康状况日益下降，精神层面的需求难以得到满足。于是，老年人的心理健康和生理健康出现越来越多的问题，如抑郁、焦虑、认知障碍、失能等。 目的：了解湖北省夷陵区老年人社会支持水平、认知能力和生活自理能力，探究以上三者之间的逻辑关系，认知水平在社会支持与日常生活能力之间是否发挥着中介作用，这对于强化老年人的社会支持网络，巩固和强化老年人的认知功能，提升老年人的日常生活能力，减轻家庭和社会的养老压力，实现健康老龄化具有积极意义。 方法：运用2019年开展的“湖北省宜昌市夷陵区老年人养老服务需求与使用情况调查”数据，选取65岁以上的老年人共1291个有效样本作为分析对象，通过运用SPSS23.0数据分析软件对所选样本数据进行分析研究，通过对人口学统计变量和关键变量进行描述性统计分析、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析及Process中介效应检验来探究社会支持、认知和日常生活能力三者之间的逻辑关系。 结果：老年人的社会支持、认知和日常生活能力在总体上表现较高水平，社会支持可对老年人日常生活能力的回归结果是正向显著的(Beta=0.062, P﹤0.05)，社会支持对老年人认知水平的回归结果也是正向显著的(Beta=0.072, P﹤0.01)，认知水平对老年人日常生活能力的回归分析结果是正向显著的(Beta=0.161, P﹤0.001)，认知水平在社会支持及其子维度可相互依赖的社会支持与老年人日常生活能力之间均起部分中介作用，其相对效应值分别为19%、28%。 结论：老年人的日常生活能力与社会支持、认知水平等多因素有关，其中社会支持水平好、认知水平好是保护因素，社会支持水平差、认知水平差是危险因素。认知水平在社会支持与日常生活能力之间发挥者部分中介作用。 |
| 外文摘要： |
Background: with the rising proportion of the elderly population in China, the phenomena of urbanization, family core and empty nesting also continue to appear, the physical quality of the elderly continues to decline, and the social interaction decreases. As a result, the physical health of the elderly is declining day by day, and it is difficult to meet the needs of the spiritual level. As a result, there are more and more mental and physical health problems of the elderly, such as depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, disability and so on. Objective: to understand the status of social support, cognitive level and ability of daily living of the elderly in Yiling District, Hubei Province, and to explore the logical relationship among social support, cognitive level and ability of daily living. Whether cognitive level plays an intermediary role between social support and activities of daily living, which can strengthen the social support network of the elderly, consolidate and strengthen their cognitive function, and improve their ability of daily living. It is of positive significance to reduce the pressure on families and society to provide for the aged and to achieve healthy aging. Methods: using the data of "Survey on the demand and use of Old-age Service for the elderly in Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Province" conducted by the School of Social Development and Public Policy of Beijing normal University in 2019, 1291 valid samples of people over 65 years old were selected as analysis objects, and the data were analyzed by SPSS23.0 software. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, Process intermediary effect test and endogenous test were used to explore the logical relationship among social support, cognition and activities of daily living (ADL). Results: the level of social support, cognitive level and ability of daily living of the elderly were higher on the whole. The level of social support could positively predict the ability of daily living of the elderly (Beta=0.062,P < 0.05), and the level of social support could positively predict the cognitive level of the elderly (Beta=0.072,P < 0.01). The result of regression analysis between cognitive level and activities of daily living was positive (Beta=0.161,P < 0.001), and cognitive level plays an intermediary role between social support and its sub-dimensions of interdependent social support and the ability of daily living of the elderly, and their relative effects are 19% and 28%, respectively. Conclusion: the ability of daily living of the elderly is related to many factors such as social support and cognitive level, among which good social support level and good cognitive level are protective factors, while poor social support level and poor cognitive level are risk factors. Cognitive level plays an intermediary role between social support and activities of daily living. |
| 参考文献总数： | 0 |
| 馆藏地： | 总馆B301 |
| 开放日期： | 2022-06-23 |
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