目前对《河童》的研究，多集中于对其作为社会批判小说价值的分析与评价。本文试从《河童》这部小说对于了解芥川其人的意义出发，结合芥川的其它作品及生平，分析《河童》中探讨的各类问题及对应情节设计的底层逻辑。芥川思想的怀疑主义底色使其质疑一切价值，成就了其文学，但最终使芥川走向虚无主义与自毁之路。

Currently, research on "Kappa" is mostly focused on its value as a social critique novel. This article attempts to analyze the various issues explored in "Kappa" and the underlying logic of its plot design from the perspective of its significance in understanding Akutagawa himself, combining with his other works and life. Akutagawa's skeptical thinking questions all values, which contributed to his literary achievements but ultimately led him to nihilism and self-destruction.