气候变暖及温室气体排放过量已成为一个全球性共同关注的重大问题。我国作为世界上最大的发展中国家，一方面，受过去几十年工业化和经济迅猛发展的影响，排放了较多的温室气体，我国在节能减排上应承担相应的责任和义务；另一方面，随着城镇化进程加快，在国际上整体经济地位提升的同时，国内城市在资源、环境与经济增长之间的矛盾也日益凸显，如何实现城市的可持续发展成为中国面临的重大挑战。十八大报告明确提出了要走中国特色新型城镇化道路的历史任务，城市作为人类活动的主要聚集地，是经济活动的中心地带，也是能源消耗和碳排放最集中的地方。因此，创建低碳城市已成为全球共识和实现低碳经济的具体形式。为了促进我国低碳城市发展，首先需要了解我国城市低碳发展现状，这就需要对城市低碳发展水平进行量化评估。本文利用多层次复合指标体系构建方法，在现有研究基础上尝试构建了一套低碳城市发展水平评价指标体系，并以重庆、深圳等八个国家首批试点低碳城市为研究对象，对其在2010-2013年间的发展水平进行评价、分析，掌握其低碳城市发展现状和薄弱环节，提出适当政策建议，为我国更多其他城市实现低碳发展献力。本文研究发现：（1）我国八个国家试点低碳城市低碳发展总体水平不高，从“十一五”末期到“十二五”中期低碳发展水平变化不明显；（2）从参评城市地域分布来看，低碳发展水平呈现由东向西逐渐降低的分布态势；（3）各城市的低碳发展总水平和在经济增长低碳化、能源利用低碳化、城市建设低碳化、政府支持低碳化中和生活消费低碳化五个子系统中发展不均衡，需要找到各自短板加以改善；（4）城市的“低碳”和“发展”可以兼得。针对以上结论，本文提出如下建议：提高能源利用效率、调整能源结构，以节能减排促进我国新型城镇化建设；大力发展战略性新兴产业；强调政府作为财政支持者和政策制定者，应当给予企业资金、技术和政策支持，并颁布和落实相应法律法规予以引导和监督；充分发挥市场的决定作用推动城市低碳发展；要培养公众低碳意识、形成良好的低碳生活消费习惯。

Climate warming and excess greenhouse gas emissions have attracted widespread attention in the global. As the biggest developing country in the world, China has discharged a large amount of greenhouse gas because of rapid development of industrialization and economic growth over the past few decades, thus China should bear the corresponding responsibilities and obligations of energy conservation and CO2 emission reduction. On the other hand, with the accelerating urbanization process, China has enhances its economic status in the world, while the contradiction between economic growth, resources and environment is also becoming more and more obvious. So find a way to realize the sustainable development of cities become the major challenges of China. 18th CPC National Congress declared the complete the new type of urbanization with Chinese characteristics is a historical task. City is the center of human activities and the heart of modern economic activities, and also the largest region of energy consumption and carbon emissions. Therefore, creating low-carbon city has become a global consensus and it’s the specific way of the low-carbon economy. In order promote the development of low-carbon cities in our country, firstly we need to find out the current situation of the low-carbon city development in China, so it’s important to find a way to quantify the level of low-carbon city development. On the basis of existing research of Multi-layer composite index system, this paper try to build a new index system to measure the low-carbon city development level. Then choose Chongqing, Shenzhen and other eight China’s first batch of national pilot low-carbon cities as the research object, using the data between 2010 to 2013 to evaluate their development level. After that, we can understand the current situation of these cities and find out the weaknesses of their low-carbon city development, and finally put forward appropriate policy recommendations to create a better low-carbon economy. In this paper, the study found that: (1) The overall development of these eight pilot low-carbon cities is at a low level from the last phase of “11th five-year plan” to the middle period of “12th five-year plan”, and the low carbon development level didn’t change obviously; (2)From geographical view, the trend of low carbon development level is gradually reducing from east to west in China; (3) There are five subsystems in the low-carbon city development evaluation system, which is low carbon development of economic growth, energy use, city construction, government support and living consumption, but these subsystems have not realized balanced development, so we need to find their own short board and improve it; (4) City’s “low carbon” doesn’t contract with its “development”. Therefore, this article put forward several suggestions that should improve the efficiency of energy utilization, develop the strategic emerging industries and make some adjustment of the energy structure and promote the energy conservation and reduce carbon emissions in the process of urbanization in China. Secondly, it emphasizes that as financial supporter and policy-maker, the government should support enterprises in the aspects of fiscal funds, technology and policy, and issue the corresponding laws and regulations; Besides, we also should give full play to the market in a decisive role to promote low carbon development. Finally, the government should cultivate the public’s awareness of low carbon lifestyle, and form a good habit of low carbon consumption in the daily life.