现实伴侣与理想伴侣的符合度对婚姻关系的正向预测作用已经被很多研究所证明。但是现实伴侣与理想伴侣是否符合涉及到伴侣身上不同方面的特质，那么不同特质上的的理想伴侣符合度对婚姻关系是否具有不同的预测作用呢？而且不同的人对同一个特质的偏好程度也不相同，那么理想伴侣符合度对婚姻关系的预测作用是否受到个体对该特质的偏好程度的影响呢？本研究通过网络宣传、社区合作和熟人介绍为主的三种方式，在北京地区招募正式登记结婚至参与研究当天未超过3年且没有孩子的初婚夫妻共268对作为新婚夫妻的样本，使用方晓义教授婚姻研究课题组编制《人口学问卷》、 《理想伴侣符合度量表》、《理想伴侣偏好量表》以及Norton的《婚姻质量量表》对268对新婚夫妻进行问卷施测。研究的主要结论如下： （1）丈夫在维度上的理想伴侣偏好按程度从高到低依次是：道德品质；生活品味；发展前景；社会经济地位。妻子从高到低依次是：道德品质；发展前景；生活品味；社会经济地位。妻子对这四个维度和对所有特质的整体偏好程度全部显著地高于丈夫。丈夫理想伴侣偏好程度最高的特质是“人品”、“是否爱我” 和 “孝顺”；妻子理想伴侣偏好程度最高的特质是“是否爱我”和“人品”。随着出生地城市化程度越高或学历越高，妻子对伴侣社会经济地位的偏好程度就越高；城市化水平越低，妻子对伴侣发展前景的偏好程度就越高。 （2）丈夫在维度上的理想伴侣符合度按程度从高到低依次是：道德品质；社会经济地位；发展前景和生活品味。妻子在维度上的理想伴侣符合度按程度从高到低依次是：道德品质；发展前景、社会经济地位和生活品味。丈夫感知到的理想伴侣符合度在社会经济地位维度上显著地高于妻子。丈夫和妻子的理想伴侣符合度最高的特质都是“是否爱我”、“人品”和“孝顺”。 （3）丈夫和妻子的婚姻满意度无显著的差异且存在显著的正相关。 （4）夫妻的理想伴侣符合度与自身婚姻满意度都存在显著的正相关，但是夫妻只有在部分特质上的理想伴侣符合度与配偶的婚姻满意度存在显著的正相关。 （5）丈夫在整体、生活品味和道德品质两个维度以及“生活习惯”、“思想观念”、“健康”和“是否爱我”四个特质上的理想伴侣符合度能显著地正向预测丈夫的婚姻满意度；妻子在整体、道德品质和发展前景两个维度以及“性格”、“是否爱我”、“发展潜力”和“家庭背景”四个特质上的理想伴侣符合度能显著地正向预测妻子的婚姻满意度。 （6）丈夫在整体、生活品味维度以及“健康”和“生活习惯”两个特质上的理想伴侣符合度能显著地正向预测妻子的婚姻满意度；妻子在整体、道德品质维度以及“性格”和“思想观念”两个特质上的理想伴侣符合度能显著地正向预测丈夫的婚姻满意度。 （7）丈夫在“性格”、“持家能力”、“办事能力”、“思想观念”上的偏好程度以及妻子在“事业心”上的偏好程度对在该特质上的理想伴侣符合度与自身婚姻满意度的关系具有调节作用：对该特质的偏好程度越高，该特质上的理想伴侣符合度对自身婚姻满意度的预测作用越强。

The positive predictive effect of the match between real and ideal partners on marital relationships has been proved by many studies. However, the match between real partner and ideal partner involves many traits of the mate, so the first question is whether the ideal-perceived trait match on different traits has different predictive effects on marital relationships. Second, the level of ideal mate preference on the same trait varies from person to person, so whether the level of ideal mate preference have an influence on the relationship between ideal-perceived trait match and marital quality. To investigate these questions, 268 pairs of newlyweds’ data were used from the three-year longitudinal study program led by professor Xiaoyi Fang. These data include the answers of the newlyweds on Demographic Questionnaire, Ideal-Perceived Trait Match Scale, and Ideal Mate Preference Scale which were compiled by the marital research team led by professor Xiaoyi Fang and Norton’s Marital Quality Index. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) The ideal mate preference of husband on dimension from high to low in order are: Moral Quality, Life Style, Development Prospects, Socioeconomic Status. For wives, they are Moral Quality, Development Prospects, Life Style, Socioeconomic Status. The wife's ideal mate preference on the four dimensions and overall level are all significantly higher than these of the husbands. For husbands, the traits with the highest level of ideal mate preference are Morality, Love and Filial Piety. For wives, they are Morality and Love. The higher the degree of education they have or the higher the level of the urbanization their hometown is, the higher the wives’ preference for the Socioeconomic Status to their ideals. The lower the level of urbanization their hometown is, the higher the wives’ preference for the Development Prospects to their ideals. (2) The ideal-perceived trait match of husband on dimension from high to low in order are: Moral Qualities; Socioeconomic Status; Development Prospects and Life Style. For wives, they are Moral Quality; Development Prospects, Life Style and Socioeconomic Status. the wives and husbands both have the highest-level ideal-perceived trait match on traits of Love, Morality, Filial Piety. The ideal-perceived trait match on the dimension of Socioeconomic Status of husbands is significantly higher than that of wives. (3) There is no significant difference but a significant positive correlation in marital satisfaction between husbands and wives. (4) There is a significant positive correlation between newlyweds’ ideal-perceived trait match and their own marital satisfaction, not only on overall level and dimensions, but also on all the traits; There is also a significant positive correlation between newlyweds’ ideal-perceived trait match on a part of traits and marital satisfaction of their spouses. (5) There is a significant positive predictive effect between husbands’ ideal-perceived trait match on the overall level, dimensions about Moral Quality and Life Style, traits about Living Habit, Ideology, Health and love and their own marital satisfaction. There is a significant positive predictive effect between wives’ ideal-perceived trait match on the overall level, dimensions about Moral Quality and Development Prospects, traits about Characteristics, Love, Development Prospects, Family Backgrounds and their own marital satisfaction. (6) The ideal-perceived trait match of husbands on the overall level, dimension about Lifestyle and traits about Health and Living Habits can significantly predict their wives’ marital satisfaction. The ideal-perceived trait match of wives on the overall level, dimension about Moral Quality and traits about Characteristics and Ideology can significantly predict husband's marital satisfaction. (7) On the traits about Characteristics, Housekeeping, Handling Affairs and Ideology, the ideal mate preference of husbands has a significant moderate effect on the relationship between ideal-perceived trait match and their own marital satisfaction. On the traits about Enterprise, the ideal mate preference of wives has a significant moderate effect on the relationship between ideal-perceived trait match and their own marital satisfaction. The moderation effect is that the higher the degree of preference for these traits, the stronger the positive prediction effect between the ideal-perceived trait match and their own marital satisfaction.