沈从文与汪曾祺这对师生是中国现当代文学史上两位举足轻重的作家。现代的文学研究者们大都把两人归并为一个流派---京派,这当然缘于二人现实中的师徒关系，更主要的是两位作家有太多的相似之处：都远离主流意识形态，自觉选择边缘性的创作立场；都表现对纯朴人性的讴歌等。然而，即使同一流派、同一时代的作家其风格也是千差万别的，更何况二人的创作高峰相隔几十年，而且人生经历、生活背景、个性气质各不相同，这就决定了我们不能仅仅用“相似”、“继承”等来概括二人之间的关系。应该在探寻二人承续性的基础上，发现他们的差异性，从而显现二者之间一种继承与突破的关系。本文试图从二人的特殊关系出发来探寻二人在创作立场、观念等方面的相似性，并在此基础上挖掘二人的不同点以及产生这种差异的原因，文章分三个层次进行探讨。一、亦师亦友的文坛双子。沈从文是汪曾祺文学之路上的导师，二人更是生活中相互扶持、相知甚深的朋友、知己。汪曾祺从老师那里不仅汲取了文学创作的养分，更是感受到了恩师人格的魅力，这对他未来的创作产生深远的影响；同时，二人在生活中又是相互扶持、相互理解的朋友。从西南联大时期开始，沈从文对汪曾祺生活上的照顾以及一直以来的扶掖、鼓励，汪曾祺对于老师的转业等问题的理解，无不体现二人的相知之深。二人亦师亦友的关系必然使他们的创作呈现某些相似之处。 二、跨越时代的相似追求。沈从文是汪曾祺的业师，在创作上必然会对汪曾祺产生深远影响。汪曾祺在创作思想和风格等方面也必然对恩师有所继承。虽然处于不同创作年代，但二人的相似之处十分明显：二人都是把文学看得极为庄严的作家，都坚守着文学的审美独立性，并为此选择了与同时代主流疏远的边缘立场；二人均以强烈的人本精神从人性层面来抒写人生，以达到在不同时代背景下各自的创作目的和理想。三、一脉相承中包蕴着别样的姿容。汪曾祺继承了沈从文思想的精髓，但由于时代、环境不同以及个性差异，二者在相似中又呈现明显的差异性。同样是表现“人性”，同样是抒写“爱”与“美”，但二人为我们展现了不一样的图景：沈从文以“过去”的形式来寄托一个美丽而浪漫的梦，而这个梦又常因破碎而给人以孤独悲凉之感；汪曾祺以一种更宽大乐观的胸怀把握现世生活的美好，为我们创造了一个“和谐”的境地。而汪曾祺这种“和谐”审美理想的形成与他来自于家庭和个人经历中所受到的传统文化的熏染有着密切关系。

Shen Congwen and Wang Zengqi are two very important writers in China’s history of modern and contemporary literature. Shen Congwen was the teacher of Wang Zengqi. Modern literary researchers usually regard them as a school – Beijing School. The reasons includes that they have master-apprentice relation and they have many similarities. They were both far away from dominant ideology, chose marginal creative standpoint, and eulogized simple human nature. However, the writers who belong to a school or an era will have different creative styles. Let alone, they had different life experience, life background and individualities. What’s more, there were several decades between the peaks of creation. Therefore, we could not only use “similarity” or “inheritance” to summarize their relations. We should find their difference on the basis of seeking the inheritance of them. Thus, we could show the innovative relation of inheritance and breakthrough between the two. This paper attempts to explore their similarities on the position and opinion of creation from the perspective of their special relations. On this basis, it excavates their differences and the reasons of this difference. This paper will discuss from three levels.1. They were friends as well as teachers in the literary world. Shen Congwen was the teacher of Wang Zengqi. In real life, they helped and supported with each other. They are close friends. Wang Zengqi obtained the nutrient of literature creation from his teacher and also was affected by the personal charm of his teacher, which had far-reaching influence on his creation in future. Meanwhile, in real life, they were good friends who helped and understood each other. From the period of Southwest Associated University, Shen Congwen took care of Wang Zengqi’s life, and helped, supported and encouraged him; Wang Zengqi also understood his teacher who was transferred to civilian work. They had master-apprentice relation and also were close friends. It was inevitable that they would have some similarities on literary creation. 2. They had similar pursuits which were time transgressive. Shen Congwen was the teacher of Wang Zengqi. Inevitably, he would have far-reaching influence on Wang Zengqi in the literary creation. It was inevitable that Wang Zengqi would inherit some ideas and styles guiding creation in literature and art. Though, they were in different creative times, they had very obvious similarities. They treated literature with solemn attitude, sticked to the aesthetic independence of literature, and chose marginal standpoint which was far away from the mainstream in that times. They both expressed the life from the perceptive of humanity with strong humanistic spirit to achieve the purposes and ideas of creation in different backgrounds. 3. The inheritance also included some different contents. Wang Zengqi inherited the marrow of Shen Congwen’s ideas. However, because of the different times, environment and personalities, there were obvious differences in the similarities. They presented us different pictures though they both showed “humanity” and expressed “love” and “beauty”. Shen Congwen showed a beautiful and romantic dream with the “past” form. However, the dream always left people a sense of loneliness and desolateness because it was smashed into pieces. Wang Zengqi always grasped the happiness of this-worldly life with a broad and optimistic mind and created a “harmonious” circumstance for us. However, the formation of Wang Zengqi’s “harmonious” aesthetic ideal had intimate connection with the influence of traditional culture in his family and experience and the literary ideas formed by this cu