2015年10月，党的十八届五中全会首次提出绿色发展理念，直指我国目前生态文明建设不充分，滞后于经济建设的不平衡问题，并对绿色发展提出了“全面节约和高效利用资源”的效率要求。世界银行的统计数据表明中国已成为第二大经济体和最大的能源消费国家，在新时代的发展背景下，为改善环境、提高资源利用效率，在城市维度开展绿色发展效率研究并探究其影响约束，将为我国环境和经济的有效建设、实现绿色健康可持续发展提供有效的理论支持和政策建议。本文基于该政策背景，运用改进的超效率RAM（Range Adjusted Measure）模型对中国81个城市2006-2015年十年的绿色发展效率进行了计算测量，并进一步对样本城市按发展水平划分，采用Bootstrap回归方程重点从集聚效应、产业结构、区域创新三方面角度考察了对中国城市绿色发展效率不同阶段的具体影响。本文的主要研究结果如下： 一、整体来看绿色发展效率呈现东、中、西部地区梯度下降的情况，北京、上海、西藏、海南、广东省近十年来绿色发展效率的均值较高，而河北、天津、重庆三地的效率较低。 二、对城市绿色发展效率的影响因素进行研究，发现集聚效应和创新能力从长期来看促进了城市绿色发展效率的提升，而产业结构中，第二产业发展对绿色发展效率产生了负向影响，第三产业有促进作用。三方面的影响因素比较来看，产业结构调整对城市绿色发展效率的影响最大，区域创新能力的影响最弱。 三、根据城市不同的发展阶段细化分类展开研究，发现集聚效应主要集中在中等发展水平的二线城市，对一线、三线城市影响较弱。第二产业发展对城市经济和环境的影响轨迹是“先降低，后改进”的U型发展路线，随着经济结构的优化和产业升级，工业经济的发展与生态环境将会更加协调。区域创新方面，创新驱动对城市的可持续发展存在乘数效应，对于城市发展水平较高、环境较好的城市，其创新能力对城市经济和环境的驱动作用将会更强。

In October 2015, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the concept of Green Development for the first time, pointing out that China’s current ecological civilization construction is not sufficient, lags the imbalance in economic construction, and puts forward “a comprehensive economy and efficient use of resources”, the efficiency requirements on Green Development. The World Bank's statistics show that China has become the second largest economy and the largest energy consumer. Under the background of the development of the new era, to improve the efficiency of resource utilization, the research of Green Development Efficiency in the urban dimension and its influence constraints will provide effective theoretical support and policy recommendations for the construction and sustainable development of China's environment and economy. Based on this policy background, this paper uses the improved Range Adjusted Measure model to calculate and measure the Urban Green Development Efficiency (abbreviated as UGDE) of China's 81 cities for the decade from 2006 to 2015, and further divides the sample cities by the level of development. The regression equation examines the specific impact on different stages of China's UGDE from the perspective of combined effect, industrial structure, and regional innovation using Bootstrap. The main findings of this paper are as follows: 1. Overall, the UGDE presents a declining gradient in the eastern, central and western regions. The average values of UGDE in Beijing, Shanghai, Tibet, Hainan and Guangdong in the past decade are slightly higher, and Hebei, Tianjin, and Chongqing are less efficient. 2. Conducting research on the influencing factors of UGDE and discovering that the combined effect and innovation capability have promoted the improvement of UGDE in the long-term. In the industrial structure, the development of the secondary industry has weakened the UGDE. The tertiary industry has promotion effect. Compared with the three factors, the change of industrial structure has the greatest impact on the efficiency of UGDE, and the impact of regional innovation ability is the weakest. 3. Per the detailed development of the city's different stages of development, it is found that the combined effect is mainly concentrated in secondary development cities. The first and third-tier cities have a weaker impact. The trajectory of the development of the secondary industry on the urban economy and the environment is the U-shaped development path of “lower, then improved”. With the optimization of economic structure and industrial upgrading, the development of the industrial economy will be more coordinated with the resources and environment. In terms of regional innovation, we have found that there is a multiplier effect of innovation-driven sustainable development in cities. For cities with a higher level of urban development and a better environment, their innovative ability will have a stronger driving effect on the urban economy and the environment.