土壤侵蚀、面源污染是滇池流域长期以来备受关注的两大环境问题，二者通过径流冲刷作用紧密结合，存在协同效应。针对土壤侵蚀、面源污染空间分布格局开展环境管理规划对策研究有利于开展流域综合高效管理，对流域环境治理具有重要意义。
本研究将滇池流域全年划分为雨（6-9月）、冬（10-12月、1月）、旱（2-5月）三个季节，采用修正通用土壤流失方程RUSLE模型和非点源污染模拟SWAT模型，以土壤侵蚀模数和总氮总磷为量化指标，模拟滇池流域2015-2019年土壤侵蚀和面源污染强度季节分布格局。以行政区为划分单元，分区识别滇池流域土壤侵蚀、面源污染管理修复区，为滇池流域的环境管理提出可行建议。
研究结果显示，滇池流域整体土壤侵蚀程度较轻，在雨季侵蚀现象较为严重；土壤侵蚀严重区集中分布在流域周边山地区域。面源污染集中于滇池湖体周边以及北部山地区域，排放量季节间差异显著。总氮与总磷、总磷与土壤侵蚀在空间上具有一定相关性。雨季划分盘龙区、五华区为土壤侵蚀、面源污染协同管理区，官渡区、呈贡区、西山区为面源污染控制区；冬季确定盘龙区、官渡区、呈贡区为面源污染控制区；旱季则进行全流域总氮管控，其中着重关注盘龙区、呈贡区。

Soil erosion and non-point source pollution have long been major environmental concerns in the Dianchi watershed. Via runoff, the two are inextricably linked, resulting in a synergistic impact. The study of ecological restoration planning and solutions for the assessment of soil erosion and non-point source pollution is beneficial to integrated and efficient watershed management and is critical for watershed environmental protection.
In this study, the Dianchi watershed divided into three seasons throughout the year: rain, winter, and dry. The seasonal distribution pattern of soil erosion and non-point source pollution in the Dianchi watershed from 2015 to 2019 was simulated using the RUSLE model and SWAT model, with soil erosion modulus, total nitrogen and total phosphorus as quantitative indicators. Soil erosion and non-point source pollution management areas in the Dianchi watershed were identified through administrative divisions and feasible suggestions were made for environmental management in the Dianchi watershed.
The results of the study showed that the overall soil erosion class in the Dianchi watershed is slight, but the erosion is more serious in the rainy season. The areas with serious soil erosion are concentrated in the mountainous areas around the watershed. Non-point source pollution is concentrated around Dianchi Lake and in the northern mountainous areas, with significant differences in emissions between seasons. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus have spatial correlations, as do total phosphorus and soil erosion. In the rainy season, Panlong and Wuhua districts are classified as synergistic management areas, and Guandu, Chenggong and Xishan districts are non-point source pollution control areas. In winter, Panlong, Guandu and Chenggong districts are identified as non-point source pollution control areas. In the dry season, total nitrogen control is carried out in the whole watershed, with emphasis on Panlong and Chenggong districts.