古今异义词是文言文教学中的难点，重视并强化古今异义词教学可以帮助学生提升自主理解文言文句意、文意的能力。本研究对统编版初中语文教材文言文中的古今异义词进行分类整理，并汇编古音异义词释义，论述了利用现代汉语双音节词、成语、梳理引申义列这三种沟通古今词义的方法，对教师开展古今异义词教学而言具有一定的参考价值。

The teaching of ancient and modern heteronomous words is a difficult point in classical Chinese teaching. Attaching importance to and strengthening the teaching of ancient and modern heteronomous words can help students improve their ability to understand the meaning of classical Chinese sentences. This study classifies the ancient and modern heteronyms in classical Chinese textbooks for junior middle school, and compiles the definitions of the ancient and modern heteronyms, and discusses the three methods of communicating the ancient and modern meanings by using modern Chinese disyllabic words, idioms, and combing and extending meanings, which have certain reference value for teachers to carry out the teaching of ancient and modern heteronyms.