爱国卫生运动是中国共产党把群众路线运用于卫生防病的成功实践，是一项重大的惠民工程，经过不断的发展，已成为实施健康中国的重要环节。2020年国务院印发的《关于深入开展爱国卫生运动的意见》指出，要通过爱国卫生运动加强社会健康管理，全面建设健康城市。爱国卫生运动作为一场持续时间长达几十年的群众性运动，早在新中国成立初期就已在全国落地实践。其中，北京市的爱国卫生运动凸显公共卫生特色，成为北京城市建设的重要环节。同时，北京作为首善之都，其开展爱国卫生运动的举措具有重要的示范作用，探讨这段历史能为当下开展爱国卫生运动、建设健康城市提供积极参考。

基于此，本文主要运用文献分析法、比较研究法对新中国成立初期北京市开展爱国卫生运动的历程作系统的梳理与思考。本文共五章，第一章呈现新中国成立前后北京的卫生状况与实践，这一时期的卫生实践在内容与方式上与爱国卫生运动有相通之处，为运动的开展提供了铺垫。第二章从基本国情、思想基础、实践经验三方面分析新中国成立初期北京市爱国卫生运动开展的宏观背景。第三章梳理北京市爱国卫生运动的工作实践。卫生清洁工作是北京市爱国卫生运动的核心任务；开展公共卫生治理是北京市爱国卫生运动的一大特色；配合医疗预防工作既是北京市爱国卫生运动的重要内容也是运动开展的基础。第四章剖析新中国成立初期北京市爱国卫生运动的组织与运作措施。“条块化”的组织体系加之领导干部与基层积极分子的带头实施为运动提供了组织保障；运用多样的宣传策略与方式是支撑运动走向高潮的主要推手；严格的检查与评比制度在激励群众参与卫生运动中发挥了不可替代的重要的作用。第五章对新中国成立初期北京市爱国卫生运动进行评析，通过多方比较，提炼北京市爱国卫生运动的区域特色，并分析其成效与经验。

新中国成立初期北京市爱国卫生运动在内容上凸显公共卫生特色、在开展方式上灵活多样，通过多方协调配合，使卫生工作与城市建设相融合，从而树立了清洁的首都形象、培育了社会文明新风尚，一定程度上达到了改造社会、移风易俗的重要目的。新中国成立初期北京市爱国卫生运动也在工作实践、组织建设、运作措施等方面为当下开展爱国卫生运动提供了一定的思路与借鉴。

The Patriotic Health Campaign is a successful practice of the Communist Party of China in applying the mass line to health and disease prevention, and is a major project to benefit the people.After continuous development, it has become an important part of the implementation of Healthy China. In 2020, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Patriotic Health Campaign", which pointed out: "It is necessary to strengthen social health management through the patriotic health campaign and comprehensively carry out the construction of healthy cities. ”As a mass movement that lasted for decades, the patriotic health campaign was practiced throughout the country as early as the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.Among them, Beijing's patriotic health campaign highlights the characteristics of public health and has become an important part of Beijing's urban construction.At the same time, Beijing, as the capital of the first good, has an important exemplary role in carrying out the patriotic health campaign, and discussing this history can provide a positive reference for the current patriotic health campaign and the construction of a healthy city.

Based on this, this paper mainly uses literature analysis and comparative research methods to systematically sort out and think about the process of the patriotic health campaign in Beijing in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.This paper consists of five chapters, the first of which mainly reviews the health situation and health practice in Beijing before and after the founding of the New China.The health practice of this period has similarities with the patriotic health campaign in terms of content and method, which provides a preliminary foundation for the development of the patriotic health campaign in Beijing.The second chapter analyzes the macro background of the patriotic health campaign in Beijing in the early days of the founding of the New China from three aspects: basic national conditions, ideological foundation, and practical experience.The third chapter reviews the work practice of the patriotic health campaign in Beijing.Sanitation and cleanliness work is the core and main task of Beijing's patriotic public health campaign; carrying out public health management is a major feature of Beijing's patriotic health campaign; coordination with medical prevention work is not only an important part of the patriotic health campaign in Beijing, but also the foundation for the development of the campaign.Chapter 4 focuses on the organization and operation of the patriotic health campaign in Beijing in the early years of the founding of the New China.A tight organizational system is the organizational guarantee of the movement; the use of various propaganda strategies and methods are the main driving forces supporting the movement to reach its climax; strict inspection and evaluation have played an irreplaceable and important role in encouraging the masses to participate in the health campaign.The five chapters mainly evaluate and analyze the patriotic health campaign in Beijing in the early days of the founding of the New China.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the patriotic health campaign in Beijing highlighted the characteristics of public health in terms of content and was flexible and diverse in the way of carrying out it.Through multi-party coordination and cooperation, sanitation work and urban construction have been integrated, thus establishing a clean image of the capital, cultivating a new trend of social civilization, and to a certain extent, achieving the important purpose of transforming society and changing customs.In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the patriotic health campaign in Beijing also provided certain ideas and references for the current patriotic health campaign in terms of work practice, organizational construction, and operational measures.