经济全球化使得国际贸易导致的碳排放占碳排放总量的20%左右。中国作为国际贸易大国，在国际贸易交换中伴随着大量的碳转移，对中国减少碳排放、实现碳中和目标带来一定影响。因此，急需识别与中国开展国际贸易的重点国家，明晰参与碳转移的国内外重要产业及传递路径，为描绘中国进出口贸易碳转移全貌提供基础数据，也为针对性制定碳减排目标、调整国际贸易策略和进出口结构提供重要支撑。

本文使用投入产出法，以中国为研究对象，构建了基于国际贸易的中国碳转移网络模型，分析了网络动态演变特征及不同类型碳转移路径的分布特点，识别出参与中国贸易的关键国家、国内外重要产业及产业链条。以往研究较少考虑碳转移路径的空间属性，而本研究基于空间地理位置的不同，将碳转移路径划分为9种类型，并将路径细化到产业，分析参与中国国际贸易的重要产业链条，为贸易格局优化与调控提供基础数据。

结果表明，中国1993-2015年间由国际贸易产生的碳转移总量增长3.1倍，从1993年的647.7 Mt增长到了2664.6 Mt，以出口最终产品和进口初级产品为主，关联的主要国家为美国，涉及388条关键路径，达520.03 Mt的转移量，日本（251.82 Mt）和韩国（176.85 Mt）的贡献也相对较大，邻近效应较为显著。

进口突出产业链条中承担P1角色（初级产品生产）和P2角色（最终产品生产）的部门分布较为集中，主要是中国电力、天然气和水→中国电气和机械→外国这一路径形式，主要消费国为美国和韩国，如CN-EGW→CN-EM→US（41.46 Mt，1.54%）。进口重要路径的P₁角色的部门较为分散，但P₂角色的部门反而相对集中，以中国建筑业为主，例如KR-EGW→CN-Cons→CN（17.7 Mt，0.66%）。

           贡献国际贸易的中国主要产业为电力、天然气和水（35.91%）、电气和机械（12.63%）等，出口初级产品和最终产品的比重较为接近，但进口初级产品的比重（77.08%）远大于进口最终产品（12.88%），表明中国世界工厂特点明显，同时主要出口工业初级产品（39.92%）和最终产品（44.90%），进口工业原料和初级产品进行再加工。中国电力、天然气和水以初级产品生产为主，关联的关键路径数量为162条，碳转移量达968 Mt，而电气和机械部门是最为重要的最终产品生产部门，关联的关键路径数量也达127条，转移量为395 Mt。

With the development of economic globalization, carbon emissions due to international trade have accounted for about 20% of total carbon emissions. As a major import and export trading country, China has a large amount of carbon transfer in the process of conducting international trade. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the key countries with which China conducts international trade and clarify the important domestic and foreign industries involved in carbon transfer and their transmission paths, so as to provide basic data to paint a full picture of carbon transfer in China's import and export trade. It also provides important support for the targeted formulation of carbon emission reduction targets, international trade strategies and import/export restructuring.

Taking China as the research object, this study uses the input-output method to construct a model of China's carbon transfer network based on international trade, analyzes the dynamic evolution characteristics of the network and the distribution characteristics of different types of carbon transfer paths, and identifies the key countries, important domestic and foreign industries and industrial chains involved in China's trade. Previous studies have seldom considered the spatial attributes of carbon transfer paths, while this study classifies carbon transfer paths into nine types based on different spatial geographical locations, and refines the paths to industries to analyze the important industrial chains and provide basic data for the optimization and regulation of trade patterns.

The results show that by 2015, the total carbon transfer in China increased from 647.68 Mt in 1993 to 2664.56 Mt, mainly exported final products and imported primary products. The main associated country, the U.S., contains 388 critical paths with a transfer volume of 520.03 Mt, while Japan (251.82 Mt) and Korea (176.85 Mt) also contribute significantly with more significant proximity effects.

Imports highlight the industrial chain concentrated in the form of the path China produces electricity, gas and water→China electrical machinery→foreign countries, with more concentrated P1 and P2 sectors, with the main consumers being the US and Korea, China, e.g. CN-EGW→CN-EM→US (41.46 Mt, 1.54%). The P1 sector of the important import path is more fragmented, while the P2 sector is rather more concentrated, with China's construction industry dominating, e.g. KR-EGW→CN-Cons→CN (17.7 Mt, 0.66%).

           The main Chinese industries are electricity, gas and water (35.91%) and electrical and machinery (12.63%), etc. The shares of exported primary and final products are relatively close, but the share of imported primary products (77.08%) is much larger than that of imported final products (12.88%), indicating that China is clearly characterized as a world factory. The primary product production sectors in China's important import and export industries are electricity, natural gas and water, with a total of 162 associated critical paths and 968 Mt of carbon transfer, and the most important final product production sectors are the electrical and mechanical sectors (127, 395 Mt).