中唐大历诗人指的是主要活跃于唐代宗统治的766-779年的诗人。他们是唐王朝国运由盛转衰的见证者，其中不少人为安史之乱（755-763）和泾原兵变（783）的亲历者。长安是唐朝的国都，对长安的书写反映了文人对人生和家国的认知。大历诗人在与长安处于不同位置关系时书写着长安。在参与到长安的生活之前，文人主要通过科举来认知和想象长安。这些未入仕的文人从旁观者的角度，对长安的局势保持着密切的关注。进入长安之后，诗人们通过科举、仕宦和交游等活动融入长安生活。长安城中的特色景观和活动在文人诗中得到了具体呈现。诗人也会出于官职变动、避乱等因素离开长安。在离开长安之后，大历诗人在诗中描摹着记忆中的盛世长安。现实中的长安仍然是书写的重要对象，但因为地理的阻隔，诗人常常表现出一种鞭长莫及的无力感。总的来说，大历诗人仍然渴望兼济天下，积极入仕，但是他们又清晰地认识到安史之乱给国运带来的不可扭转的创伤，并且在自身入仕途中见证到了政治的黑暗，遭遇了贬谪等打击。他们怀念盛世长安，同时不得不面对现实，对战乱进行反思，对长安城中的市民百姓进行关注。大历诗人的“长安书写”，展现的是在国家时局发生骤变时，文人面对家国和个人命运的矛盾心态。

The Tang Dali poets refer to those who were mainly active during the reign of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty from 766 to 779. They witnessed the fortunes of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and many of them were also witnesses to the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763) and the Jing Yuan Mutiny (783). Chang'an was the capital of Tang Dynasty, and writing about it reflected the literati's cognition of life and country. The Dali poets wrote about Chang'an when they were in different positions. Before taking part in the life of Chang'an, literati perceived and imagined Chang'an mainly through the imperial examination. At the same time, the literati kept close attention to the situation of Chang'an from the perspective of onlookers. After entering Chang'an, poets integrated into the life of Chang'an through imperial examinations, official and social activities. The characteristic landscapes and activities in Chang'an City were concretely presented in literati poems. Poets would also leave Chang'an for reasons such as official changes and avoidance of disturbances. After leaving the city, the Dali poets depicted in their poems the Chang'an of memory in its prime. Chang'an in reality was still an important object to write about, but because of the geographical barrier, the poets could only express a sense of impotence to the situation of the country. In a word, the Dali poets still aspired to contribute to society and actively joined the government, but they clearly realized the irreversible trauma brought by the An-Shi Rebellion to the country's fortunes, witnessed the darkness of politics on their own way to the government, and encountered such blows as deportation. They missed the prosperous Chang'an, but at the same time had to face up to reality, started to reflect on the war, and turned to pay attention to the citizens in Chang'an. The poets' writings on Chang'an showed the ambivalence of the literati in facing the fate of their country and their personal destiny during the abrupt changes in the national situation.