关于魏末之时曹氏与司马氏的斗争，历来不乏学者关注，本文在前人研究基础上，选取三少帝之一的高贵乡公曹髦作为研究对象，分析曹髦的复兴志向、为政举措，探讨曹髦在魏晋禅代乃至两晋政治中的重要影响。

高平陵政变之后，曹魏的大权落入司马氏手中，到了司马师废齐王曹芳、立高贵乡公曹髦之时，魏帝成为了司马氏稳定内外朝局的傀儡。而曹髦聪慧好学，推崇少康，胸怀推翻司马氏专政、复兴曹魏的高远志向，绝不甘于作一个傀儡皇帝；但是曹髦毕竟是一位少年君主，有着少年人特有的果决意气、抗争心理，也有着冲动急躁、天真稚嫩的年龄特点。在淮南三叛被平定之后，曹髦日益感到司马昭权势的步步紧逼，最终决定在甘露五年（260）奋起一击，发动了甘露政变，结果，在司马昭心腹贾充的授意下，太子舍人成济刺杀曹髦。如果说曹髦之死，断绝了曹魏复兴的最后希望；那么弑君事件，不仅使司马昭被迫暂缓禅代步伐，另建功业以消弭负面影响，而且给两晋政权永远蒙上了不忠不义的阴影。

魏晋时期，推崇儒学的世家大族之间，存在着姻亲、师门、地域等等交织错杂的关系，形成了一个以司马氏为首的世家利益共同体，通过品评天下士人、掌握人才的手段，成为了另一重可与君权相抗衡的权力中心。曹髦之死，象征着世家权威对君权的完全超越，同时代表着世家官僚对自身信奉的儒家君臣伦理的违背。当司马氏登上帝位，世家势力洗牌重聚，新的世家之首成为了两晋君权的最大威胁。

以皇帝为对象的“忠君”观念在弑君事件中彻底崩溃，朝廷之中一国之君与一家之主形成“二重君主”，对家族族长的孝义等同于政治上的效忠，家族私利超然于国家公义之上，从而形成的宗族观念、君父观念深刻影响了后世中国社会。

In the late Wei Dynasty, the struggle between The Cao family and the Sima family has always been concerned by many scholars. Based on previous studies, this paper selects Cao Mao, one of the Three Young Emperors, as the research object, analyzes Cao Mao's revival ambition and political measures, and discusses the important influence of Cao Mao on the politics of the Wei Jin dynasty replacement and even on the Western Jin and Eastern Jin Dynasties.

After the Gao Ping Ling coup, the power of Cao Wei fell into the hands of Sima. When Sima Shi deposed Cao Fang, and appointed Cao Mao. The Wei Emperor became Sima's puppet to stabilize the internal and external dynasties. Cao Mao was intelligent and studious, praised Shao Kang highly, and had lofty aspirations of overthrowing Sima's dictatorship and reviving Cao Wei. He was never willing to be a puppet emperor. After all, Cao Mao was a young monarch, with the unique determination and resistance of young people, as well as impulsive and impetuous, naive and tender age characteristics. After the three rebels in Huainan were suppressed, Cao Mao felt increasingly threatened by Sima Zhao's power, and finally decided to launch a coup in the fifth year of The Reign of Ganlu (260). As a result, at the request of Jia Chong who was Sima Zhao's confidant, Cheng Ji assassinated Cao Mao. If the death of Cao Mao cut off the last hope for the revival of Cao Wei; Then, the regicide event not only forced Sima Zhao to postpone the steps of the demision and had to build up other exploits to eliminate the negative influence, but also cast the shadow of disloyalty and injustice on the two Jin regimes forever.

In the Wei and Jin dynasties, there were interwoven relations among the Confucian families, such as relatives, masters and regions, forming a community of interests led by Sima's family, which became another power center that could compete with the monarchy by means of evaluating scholars and mastering talents. The death of Cao Mao symbolized the complete transcendence of imperial power by the authority of the family, and also represented the violation of Confucian ethics by the bureaucrats of the family. When Sima Family ascended the throne, old family forces shuffled reunion, the head of new old family became the biggest threat to two Jin regal power.

The idea of “loyal” to the emperor in the event of the regicide thoroughly collapse, the king of the country and the head of the family form “double monarch” in one court, the filial piety to the fathers which was the leader of the family is equal to political allegiance, family interests was on the top of the national righteousness. All in all, the forming of the clan, the idea of ruler and father influenced the Chinese society later.