缺血性卒中又名脑梗死，是一种常见的卒中类型，占全部卒中患者的88%左右。这其中约四分之三的病人会伴有不同程度的运动功能丧失，而重度致残率高达40%。卒中后，通过专业的康复治疗能够有效的降低运动功能受损的概率，减轻损伤程度，提高患者的生活质量。功能电刺激疗法（functional electrical stimulation,FES）是一种使用低频电流刺激失去神经控制的肌肉帮助其收缩，来完成肢体丧失的功能——如上肢的抓握功能——的辅助康复治疗手段。已有的研究发现，在传统的双侧上肢训练中加入FES辅助可以显著的优化运动功能康复治疗的效果。本研究旨在对传统双侧上肢训练（后简写为传统训练组）和FES辅助双侧上肢训练（后简写为FES组）的神经网络作用机制及其异同进行探索，特别是促进对FES作用机制的理解，帮助提高其运用的有效性和针对性。对神经网络机制的研究采用静息态功能磁共振（resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Image, rs-fMRI） 数据，功能连接（functioanl connectivity, FC）分析方法,探讨大脑在静息状态下，即基线水平（Baseline）下，神经网络的纵向变化，以及这种变化与康复训练方法的联系。研究发现，(1) 康复治疗训练前后，采用传统训练的病人和采用FES训练的病人，其运动功能均有显著的改善，(2) 但FES组病人在ARAT和MAS指标上的改善程度显著的优于传统训练组。进一步对rs-fMRI数据进行分析的结果显示，(3)对于利手运动功能损伤病人，右脑小脑蚓I和II部，右脑颞中回和颞下回区域与中央前回初级运动区的功能连接强度，在传统训练下显著增强，在FES辅助训练下显著减弱；(4)对于非利手运动功能损伤病人，双侧楔前叶与中央前回初级运动区的功能连接强度在传统训练下显著增强，在FES辅助训练下显著减弱。研究证明，采用FES辅助结合传统双侧上肢训练的效果更好，康复效果的差异可能与静息态下功能连接网络的变化模式有关，并且，对于两种不同的损伤肢体侧位（左手或右手），功能连接强度的变化方向存在差异。

This research aimed to explore the longitudinal changing model of functional connectivity (FC) during motor recovery of dominant and non-dominant hand paresis patients with functional electrical stimulation (FES) training or conventional bilateral upper-limb training(Non-FES) for sub-acute stroke patients.Twenty-four sub-acute ischemic stroke patients with unilateral upper limb paresis were recruited and randomly assigned to two training groups, Non-FES group and FES group. The former accepted conventional bilateral upper-limb training while the latter received bilateral upper-limb training with supplementary help from FES system both lasted for two months. The behavior test results of motor function and FC value computing from rs-fMRI data were analyzed and compared pre and post training.The results of behavior data indicates that both Non-FES and FES methods can significantly improve the motor function, while FES group has a better improvement comparing with the Non-FES group in ARAT and MAS index. For the rs-fMRI data, both ANOVA analysis for dominant hand patients and non-dominant hand patients separately has significant interaction effects between training methods and time of scan(pre- and post training). For dominant hand patients, the right side cerebellum crusI/II and inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) has significant increase of FC with primary motor area in Non-FES group and significant decrease of FC with primary motor area in FES group. For non-dominant hand patients, bilateral precuneous has significant increase in Non-FES group and significant decrease in FES group.This research indicates that FES is an effect training method for stroke patients with motor function damage, but for different patient modality, like dominant or non-dominant hand paresis, FES effect different hubs of brain network, and has different outcome for recovery. According to this results, FES method should be performed with better pertinency as long as we have further understanding of its neural correlates with behaviour function.