公民的科学社会责任感对提升其科学素养有着重要作用，良好的科学社会责任感也是作为21世纪合格公民的必然要求；而当前公民教育背景与职业背景不同，不同群体间科学社会责任感差异较大。本研究认为科学社会责任感是指社会个体在一定社会历史条件下，对社会、人类和环境履行义务，并处理好与社会、人类和环境的关系的心理态度和行为表现，且受个体的教育背景和职业背景的影响。

本研究修改中学生科学的社会责任现状调查工具中的科学综合部分，确定公民科学社会责任感调查工具，通过问卷调查的形式，探查公民科学社会责任感水平现状及教育背景和职业背景对其的影响。研究共调查公民群体108人，利用SPSS数据分析软件对回收数据进行相关性分析，以描述教育和职业背景对科学社会责任感的影响。研究显示，公民科学社会责任感水平大体随其学历升高而升高，且学历为硕士以下和硕士及以上的公民群体，二者科学社会责任感水平存在显著性差异；同时，不同职业背景公民的科学社会责任感水平存在差异，其中科学学科教师群体的科学社会责任感水平明显高于其他职业群体。研究为针对不同人群的科学社会责任感特征制定不同科学科普的方式、手段和内容，以及提出有助于提高公民科学社会责任感的对策和建议提供了一定的依据。

         Citizens' scientific social responsibility plays an important role in improving their scientific literacy, and it is also a necessary social responsibility literacy for qualified citizens in the 21st century; while the current public education background and professional background are different, and scientific social responsibility between different groups is quite different. This study believes that scientific social responsibility refers to the attitude and behavior of social individuals who fulfill their obligations to and deal with the relationship with society, humans and the environment under certain social and historical conditions，meanwhile, scientific social responsibility is influenced by the individual's educational background and professional background.

         This study revises the scientific synthesis part of the survey tool of the Scientific Social Responsibility for Middle School Students, identify the survey tool for the scientific social responsibility of citizens, and explores the current situation of the scientific social responsibility level of citizens and the influence of educational and professional background on it through the form of questionnaire survey. The study surveyed a total of 108 citizens and used SPSS data analysis software to conduct correlation analysis of recycled data to describe the impact of educational and professional background on scientific social responsibility.

         The study shows that the level of scientific social responsibility of citizens generally increases with the increase of their academic qualifications, and there is a significant difference in the level of scientific social responsibility between citizens with academic qualifications below master's degree and master's degree or above; at the same time, there are differences in the level of scientific social responsibility of citizens from different professional backgrounds, among which the level of scientific social responsibility of science teachers is significantly higher than that of other occupational groups. The study provides some certain basis for formulating different ways, means and contents of scientific science popularization for the characteristics of different groups of people, and proposing countermeasures and suggestions that will help improve the scientific social responsibility of citizens.