目前，中国老年人口规模不断扩大、老龄化程度日益深化，所带来的各种社会问题已成为21世纪我国亟需解决的重要问题。我国党和政府高度重视人口老龄化以及带来负面效应问题，提出了相关文件。其中明确强调“健康老龄化”。健康老龄化的终极目标是“发展和维护老年健康生活所需的功能发挥的过程”。力量素质对老年人有重要价值，其是维持健康和日常生活功能发挥的重要因素。综合人体生理规律，下肢肌肉衰老的速度最快，且下肢肌群被誉为“人体的第二心脏”，对于老年人的健康有着重要的意义。动作模式是日常生活活动中一类动作的集合，其既是老年人日常生活和体育参与的基础，也是下肢力量评测的根基。因此，本研究目的是基于动作模式构建一套简易、便捷、操作性强的60~69岁老年人下肢力量素质评价指标，以期提高老年人的日常活动功能。

       本研究以60~69岁老年人下肢力量素质评价指标与为研究对象，将老年人生理规律、下肢力量评价、运动模式以及评价指标构建相关的理论知识作为基础，同时梳理与老年人下肢力量评价、构建等相关的文献与著作，运用专家访谈法、德尔菲法、层次分析法等研究方法对60~69岁老年人下肢力量素质评价指标进行构建和探究。结论如下:

       1.通过访谈、调研确定了老年人力量素质的基本需求与动作模式，在此基础上确立了基于动作模式的60-69岁老年人下肢力量素质需求的理论框架。

       2.通过文献查阅与专家访谈，形成《60~69岁老年人下肢力量素质评价指标专家问卷》再运用德尔菲法的研究步骤，对选定的15名相关专家进行问卷调查与咨询，确定60~69岁老年人下肢力量素质评价指标的内容。最终形成的指标体系将各项指标划分为二级，一级指标由2个维度构成:二级指标由7个维度构成。

       3.一级指标权重值分别为蹲起0.521、步行0.479。二级指标权重，30s坐站测试0.28、5次坐站测试0.41、靠墙半蹲0.09、下蹲计时0.22、站立-行走计时0.54、2.44起立绕物走0.21以及睁眼单脚站立0.25。

       4.该评价指标具有简易、便捷、操作性强，一方面可用于对老年人下肢力量素质进行评估，为相关政府部门或养老机构提供指导性意见。另一方面后续可开发、设计基于动作模式的精准的下肢力量练习方案。

At present, the expanding size of China's elderly population and the deepening degree of aging have brought about various social problems that have become important issues that need to be solved in China in the 21st century. The Party and government of China attach great importance to population aging and its negative effects, and have put forward relevant documents. Among them, "healthy aging" is clearly emphasized. The ultimate goal of healthy aging is "the process of developing and maintaining the functions necessary for a healthy life in old age. Strength quality is of great value to the elderly, as it is an important factor in maintaining health and functioning in daily life. The lower extremity muscles are the fastest aging muscles in the human body, and they are known as the "second heart of the human body", which is of great importance to the health of the elderly. Movement pattern is a collection of movements in daily life activities, which is the basis of daily life and sports participation of the elderly, as well as the foundation of lower limb strength assessment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to construct a set of simple, convenient and operational lower limb strength quality assessment indexes based on movement patterns for the elderly aged 60~69 years in order to improve the daily activity functions of the elderly.

This study takes the theoretical knowledge related to the physiological rules of the elderly, lower limb strength evaluation, movement patterns and the construction of evaluation indexes as the basis, while combing through the literature and works related to the evaluation and construction of the lower limb strength of the elderly, and using expert interview method, Delphi method, hierarchical analysis and other research methods to We used expert interview method, Delphi method and hierarchical analysis method to construct and investigate the evaluation indexes of lower limb strength quality of 60~69 year olds. The conclusions are as follows:

1. Through the survey and interview, we found that the content and methods of lower limb strength evaluation for the elderly are still in a process of exploration, and there are certain problems, such as the focus on the simple strength evaluation, but not enough attention to the evaluation of daily function, which is not conducive to the daily life of the elderly.

2. Through literature review and expert interviews, we formed the "Expert Questionnaire on Lower Extremity Strength Quality Evaluation Indicators for 60~69 Year Olds" and then used the Delphi method to conduct questionnaires and consultations with 15 selected experts to determine the content of lower extremity strength quality evaluation indicators for 60~69 year olds. The final formed index system divided each index into two levels, and the first level index consisted of 2 dimensions:the second level index consisted of 7 dimensions.

The weights of the primary indicators were 0.521 for squatting and 0.479 for walking. the weights of the secondary indicators were 0.28 for 30s sit-to-stand test, 0.41 for 5 times sit-to-stand test, 0.09 for half squat against the wall, 0.22 for squat timing, 0.54 for standing-walking timing, 0.21 for 2.44 for standing up and walking around objects, and 0.25 for standing on one foot with eyes open.

4. The evaluation index is simple, convenient and operative, which can be used to evaluate the lower limb strength quality of the elderly on the one hand, and provide guidance for relevant government departments or elderly institutions