中文题名: | 唐代伎术官研究 |
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学科代码: | 060200 |
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学生类型: | 硕士 |
学位: | 历史学硕士 |
学位年度: | 2012 |
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研究方向: | 隋唐史 |
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提交日期: | 2012-06-05 |
答辩日期: | 2012-05-26 |
外文题名: | The Study of Technological Officials in the Tang Dynasty |
中文摘要: |
伎术官这一名称自唐代开始出现,特指那些依靠医卜历算等专业技术而为官的人。伎术官作为一个群体的出现,代表着唐代的官僚体系中专业分工的现象逐渐明确,唐代的官吏体系更加完善。第一部分讨论伎术官的概念和种类。唐代的伎术官包含的范围很广,在中央大多数部门中都有伎术官在服务,按照其专业内容,主要可以分成天文、医学、音乐、书法、绘画、占卜、造食、工巧、译语、畜牧、园艺等类别。第二部分分析了天文、医学、音乐、书法绘画、造食工巧和畜牧等几类伎术官的选任。唐代在选用伎术官吏的时候,其首要条件是需要具备相关的专业知识和技能。唐代的伎术多是家传世袭,但政府多数部门都会培训相关的伎术人员。与此同时,民间征辟及举荐也是必要的补充手段。第三部分探讨了伎术官的迁转。伎术官吏一般在本专业内部迁转,只有很少人能离开伎术官的体系。但是其他出身的官员担任伎术官的情况就比较多,特别是伎术管理职务,往往成为其他官员晋升的途径。第四部分讨论了伎术官的地位。伎术官吏在唐代的地位较低,较受歧视,经济待遇也不高。政府往往会采取一些措施,特别是经济补偿的办法来使伎术官吏安心工作。
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外文摘要: |
The technological official, as a special name to describe the officials who depended on their professional skills such as medicine, divination, astronomy or mathematics, was appeared in the Tang Dynasty. The technological officials, as an identified group, represented that the division of work was more obvious in the bureaucracy of the Tang Dynasty and the official system was more perfect. The first part defines the definition and the category of the technological officials in the Tang Dynasty. The technological officials worked for the most of central government and by the major, could be classified into many categories, including astronomy, medicine, music, calligraphy, painting, divination, cooking, handicraft, translation, pasturage and horticulture. The second part analyses the selection of the different categories of the technological officials. The most significant condition was the relative professional knowledge and skills while the government selected a technological official in the Tang Dynasty. Although most specialists learned the skills from the generations of the family in the Tang Dynasty, most government departments still trained people the technique. At the same time, the impressment and the recommendation were also necessary methods. The third part discusses the upgrade of the technological officials. In the Tang Dynasty, the technological officials usually upgraded only in their professional field, although a few of them could leave the field. However, other officials which had no relative techniques, could be the technological officials, especially the administrative positions, in order to get the sufficient qualification. The last part focuses on the status of the technological officials. In the Tang Dynasty, because the technological officials were in the lower status in the society and had less income than other officials, the government provided some financial compensation to keep them in their position.
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参考文献总数: | 164 |
作者简介: | 王怡然,获北京师范大学历史学院“白寿彝史学论著奖 研究生奖”二等奖,论文《近十年(2000-2009)来隋唐五代史研究综述 社会史》发表于《中国唐史学会会刊》第30期。 |
馆藏号: | 硕060106/1206 |
开放日期: | 2012-06-05 |