自新中国建立以来，我国的印度文学翻译和研究经历了不同的发展阶段。对印度文学的汉译有20世纪50年代和80年代两个高潮，进入21世纪后，新的译介高潮已现端倪；我国严格意义上的印度文学研究，从整体上看始于20世纪70年代末80年代初，其发展呈现出研究对象重点突出、研究深度不断拓展的特点。在1949年到2009年的60年中，我国的印度文学汉译和研究均取得了不俗的成就，但也反映出一些问题。从我国印度文学学科的长远发展来看，现在对这60年来已有的译介和研究成果进行总结、反思是是可行的，对印度文学学科和东方文学学科也是具有学科建设意义的。本文的考察对象包括了翻译与研究两个部分，选定的考察时段是1949年至2009年。在章节设计上，本文以语种作为主要依据对各个章节进行了划分，这样可以较好地展现印度文学多语种的特点，也利于实现全面考察印度文学译介研究的目标。文章在论述中的整体思路是先对研究对象的译介和研究情况进行概述，然后针对重点进行集中分析。在具体的章节安排上，第一章和第二章论述的是梵语文学，论述的分别是两大史诗和古典梵语诗歌与戏剧的翻译与研究；第三章是对印地语文学翻译和研究的考察，其中对普列姆昌德的情况进行了重点论述；第四章论述乌尔都语和孟加拉语文学的翻译和研究，重点评述对象依次为克里山•钱达尔、伊克巴尔、泰戈尔。第五章考察的是其它语种文学、佛教文学和民间文学的译介与研究。第六章针对印度文艺理论、文学史的翻译与研究，这是在前五章的基础上设置的一章。从对文论和文学史的考察，可以从另一个侧面了解学界对印度文学研究的理论深度，并为我国的印度文学学科建设提供有力的借鉴。

After the founding of People’s Republic of China, the translating of Indian literature in China caped its 2 climaxes separately at 1950s and 1980s, and with the continue appearance of new translations since 2000, a new climax is around the corner . Exactly speaking, the academic studies of Indian literature in China started from the end of 1970s and the beginning of 1980s. Its trajectory displayed two characters, one is focusing on limited objects, and the other is deepening the exiting studies. This dissertation is a study of the translations and studies of Indian literature in China from 1949 to 2009, and offers a detailed examination of the Introduction and six of its chapters. Chapter I and Chapter II provide the surveys of Sanskrit literature, especially of Rāmāyaṇa, Mahābhārata and Kālidāsa’s works. Chapter III focuses on the translations and studies of Hindi literature, in which the situation of Premchand’s works is the focal point. The conditions of Urdu and Bengali literature are studied in Chapter IV, and the works of Krishan Chandar, Muhammad Iqbal and Rabindranath Tagore are carefully examined. Chapter V surveyed the current states of other language’s literatures, Buddhist literature and folk literature. Compared with literary works, the theory of literature and art, along with the history of literature, is more abstract, it bases on the rational analysis on concrete works and literary phenomena. Therefore the study on them could deepen the academic understanding on the literature. In Chapter VI, the translations of theory of Indian literature and art, and the translations of history of Indian literature are studied.