侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉罪作为《刑法修正案（十一）》中新增设的罪名，其与《民法典》第 185 条的具体界分成为立法及司法实践中备受关注的问题。侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉刑民界分困境源于行为自身的特殊性与复杂性、情节的解释困难、刑法边界的扩张与民法犯罪化趋势交织多方面原因。基于此，笔者提出以合法性及合理性为基本立场限制适用《刑法》第 299 条之一，从定性和定量两个角度来确定严格的入罪门槛，在防止刑法的不当介入的前提下合理维护该行为所侵害的社会秩序，最终实现公民基本权利和社会公共秩序保护的有效平衡。

The crime of infringing on the honor of heroes and martyrs is a newly added crime in the "Amendment to the Criminal Law (Eleven)". Infringing on the honor of heroes and martyrs, the predicament of the civil sector of honor and punishment stems from the particularity and complexity of the behavior itself, the difficulty of interpreting the circumstances of the crime, the expansion of the boundary of criminal law and the trend of criminalization of civil law. Based on this, the author proposes to restrict the application of Article 299 of the Criminal Law from the basic standpoint of legality and rationality, and to determine the strict threshold of criminalization from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives, which is reasonable on the premise of preventing improper intervention of the criminal law. Maintain the social order violated by this behavior, and finally achieve an effective balance between the basic rights of citizens and the protection of social public order.