群落的物种组成和结构决定着整个生态系统的功能和过程，对群落物种组成和结构的研究将为揭示物种共存规律，即生物多样性形成与维持机制提供重要信息。目前，森林动态监测样地已成为研究生物多样性形成与维持机制的重要平台。本研究基于胜山和凉水两个10.4 hm2森林动态监测样地，并结合长白山25 hm2样地已发表的数据，从物种组成及其区系特征、物种多样性、种群径级结构和种群空间分布格局及其关联性对我国东北地区不同类型阔叶红松林进行比较，以期为揭示阔叶红松林生物多样性形成与维持机制奠定基础。研究结果如下：（1）胜山样地具有17科29属32种木本植物，独立个体数18989；凉水样地具有20科35属43种木本植物，独立个体数11701，与长白山样地有21个共享种，植物区系特征都以北温带成分为主，多种地理成分相混杂。受不同立地条件影响，三块样地共有建群种红松的优势度随纬度升高而减小，主要伴生树种存在明显差别。（2）三种类型阔叶红松林的物种数量特征呈现一定的随纬度变化规律。胜山、凉水和长白山样地的林木平均胸径（10.01±0.07、10.09±0.15、10.52 cm）、平均胸高断面积（27.99、31.78、43.24 m2/hm2）、Simpson指数（0.85、0.89、0.92）、Shannon-Wiener指数（2.12、2.70、2.78）和由种-面积曲线拟合运算得到的物种数（36种、49种和52种）均表现出随纬度升高而减小的趋势。（3）从径级结构来看，三块样地总径阶及主、次林层径级分布以倒J型为主，林下层呈L型，具有维持群落更新的潜力；主要树种的径级结构可归纳为四种类型：倒J型、单峰型、双峰型和L型。红松的径级分布在三块样地中有所不同，说明林分所处发育阶段有所差别。（4）聚集分布是阔叶红松林内种群在0-10 m距离尺度内分布的主要形式，而且聚集分布的物种数占总体的比例（胜山76.9 %、凉水81.0 %、长白山90.5 %）随物种多样性的增加而增大；物种聚集程度随尺度增大而减弱直至趋于随机分布。生境异质效应、生物学特性（种子扩散限制、需光性、萌蘖性）是胜山和凉水样地物种聚集分布的主要影响因素。（5）胜山和凉水样地内少数物种对有显著关联性（33.33%），以正相关为主。

Species composition of a plant community indicates the structure of the community, and the ecosystem functions and processes as well. For better comprehending the biodiversity and the mechanism of its maintenance, a detailed information on species composition of the study subject is critical. The objective of this study is to have a complete vegetation survey on three big plots within three mixed Korean pine and broad-leaved forests relics in Shengshan and Liangshui National Nature Reserves (each 10.4 hm2), Heilongjiang Province, and Changbaishan National Nature Reserve (25 hm2), Jilin Province, Northeast China. The survey on the Changbaishan Nature Reserve has been completed and published, while the information of the former two are lacking. In this thesis, the survey following the big plot protocol of Barro Colorado Island, Panama, in Shengshan and Liangshui National Nature Reserves is reported, and the results from the three big plots are compared. There were total 18,989 woody plant individuals of 32 species in 29 genera, 17 families were censored in Shengshan plot, and 11,701 woody individuals of 43 species in 35 genera, 20 families were censored in Liangshui plot. Both plots shared 21 species with the Changbaishan plot. In three plots, Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) dominated the communities but its dominance increased as the site locations were further north. They all showed significant northern temperate features by the typical northern temperate tree species. Different species compositions of the three big plots indicated different influences from different floras to the region. They also reflected effects of local site conditions and past disturbance history. (2) In Shengshan, Liangshui and Changbaishan plot, the average Diameter at Breast Height-DBHs were 10.01±0.07, 10.09±0.15, 10.52 cm, respectively, the average basal areas were 27.99, 31.78, 43.24 m2/hm2, respectively. Using the information, the Simpson diversity indexes were calculated as 0.85, 0.89, 0.92, and the Shannon-Wiener indexes were computed as 2.16, 2.70, 2.78, for the three plots, respectively. (3) The overall DBH class distribution and DBH distribution of the overstory trees showed inverse J shaped curves indicating a good regeneration potential, and the forest age structure characterized the forests as young-mid aged or being high graded in the past. DBH class distribution of dominant species can be divided into four categories: inverse J, single peak, double peak and L shaped. Dstinction of DBH class distribution of Korean pine in three plots implies different development stages of forest.(4) Point pattern analysis showed that aggregation pattern dominated spatial distributions of most species in the three plots. There were 76.9 %, 81.0 %, 90.5 %, in Shengshan, Liangshui and Changbaishan, respectively, of the surveyed woody species showed aggregation patterns, and most species aggregated at the spatial scale of less than 10 m. As the scale increases, the degree of aggregation decreases and become random eventually. Results from Shengshan and Liangshui plots showed effects of habitat heterogeneity that may strengthened spatial aggregation of the species through influencing seeds dispersal, light and germination.(5) About one third of species pairs showed significant spatial association in Shengshan and Liangshui plots, respectively, mainly positive.