中国（上海）自由贸易试验区（以下简称自贸区），是中国大陆境内第一个自由贸易园区。上海自贸区创新监管服务模式，在贸易方面出台多项政策，力求提升自贸区的贸易便利化程度。而在这种宽松的监管模式下, 走私变得更容易，如何有效防控走私，值得深思。本文运用犯罪经济学的方法对上海自贸区的走私问题进行分析。本文首先对上海自贸区、走私这两个概念进行了简要的介绍；其次，介绍了犯罪经济学的概况，并运用犯罪经济学中的成本—收益分析方法对走私进行了分析，提出走私的成本包括物质成本、心理成本、机会成本和惩罚成本，走私的收益包括关税收益和通关收益。接着，用上述模型对上海自贸区的走私问题进行深入分析。最后，根据上述分析提出切实可行的政策建议。

China (Shanghai) pilot free trade zone (Shanghai FTZ) is the first free trade zone in China. It is a new field of economics in China. Shanghai FTZ explores the new supervision models, and comes out with many policies to enhance trade facilitation, which may makes smuggling easier. Therefore, how to reduce the smuggling in Shanghai FTZ is worthy of our consideration. This paper applies the method in economics of crime to analyze the problem of smuggling in Shanghai FTZ. First, this paper introduces Shanghai FTZ and the conception of smuggling briefly. Then, this paper introduces the economics of crime and uses cost-benefit analysis in economics of crime to analyze the smuggling. Smuggling cost includes material cost, psychological cost, opportunity cost and expectation punishment cost; smuggling benefit includes tariff and customs procedure benefit. Next, the above-mentioned model is used to analyze smuggling in Shanghai FTZ. Finally, this paper puts forward some feasible policy recommendations.