我国水资源匮乏，时空分布不均，污染程度较严重。石油化工生产快速发展，对水资源消耗非常大，产生的废水会造成严重的水体污染问题，并且我国新标准的修订使得废水经传统工艺处理后无法达标，需进行深度处理，而深度处理出水用于回用不仅能够保护水环境，还能对污水资源加以充分的利用，兼顾社会效益、经济效益和环境效益。将污水深度处理回用运用到石油化工行业中，对我国乃至世界的可持续发展都具有十分重要的意义。

国内外研究者们研究并开发了众多的污水深度处理技术，如吸附法、高级氧化法、电催化氧化法、膜分离法等，而膜分离法相比于其他方法，以其操作便利性、分离高效性、出水稳定性和经济性更适用于石油化工废水的深度处理回用。本文主要综述了研究者们对超滤、反渗透以及组合工艺的研究进展，综述了膜污染的机理以及对膜污染控制方法的研究进展，对超滤/反渗透组合工艺在石化废水深度处理中的应用前景进行了概述。

In China, the water resource is relatively scarce. The distribution of time and space is uneven and the water pollution is rather serious. The rapid development of petrochemical production consumes a lot of water and the wastewater causes serious water pollution. The advanced treatment and reuse of petrochemical wastewater can not only protect the water environment but also make full use of sewage resource, which takes social benefits, economic benefits and environmental benefits into account. The use of advanced treatment and reuse in the petrochemical industry is of great significance to the sustainable development of China and the world.

Numerous sewage advanced treatment technologies such as adsorption, AOPs, electro-catalytic oxidation and membrane separation have been researched and developed by researchers at home and abroad. Compared with other methods, membrane separation are more suitable for the advanced treatment and reuse of petrochemical wastewater because of its operational convenience, high efficiency, effluent stability and economy. This paper mainly summarizes the progress in the research and development of UF, RO and their combined process and reviews the the progress in the research and development of mechanism of membrane fouling and the methods to control it. The application prospects of the combined process of UF an RO in the advanced treatment of petrochemical wastewater are outlined.