本研究通过自然实验、情境操纵和问卷相结合的方法，试图探.讨在合作活动中，价值取向、归因风格、自尊水平及交互作用对责任归属行为的影响。 结果发现：⑴与国外资料不一致，在中国初中生中，集体取.向者多有高的自尊水平。（2)所考察的几种因素对个人归属行为.有显著影响；集体取向外控高自尊和个体取向外控高自尊两类被试.倾向于做他人责任归属；个体取向内控高、低自尊两类被试倾向于.做团体责任归属。（3)直接的价值观教育和相关的情境归因训练有.利于改善被试在团体活动中的责任归属行为。 目前，国内外对集体一个体价值取向的研究争议颇多，本研究.与国内以往研究结果也有较大的分歧，仅是在特定条件下进行的一.点新尝试，希望能对今后的研究有所启示。

In the present study, by means of combing scales，naturnal experiments and conducting situation，we attempt to find out how the value or ientation, style of attribution, self-esteem and interactions of them affect the attributional behavior of responsibility. The results of the experiment suggested that: (1)Among Chinese jounior middle school students, collective -orientation correlated to high degree self- esteem. This is contrasted to the datas from other countries, (2) The factors we studied in this research didn't affect the attributional behavior of self-responsibility; there are more collective and individual or ientation students with external control and high degree self-esteem attribute responsibility to others; and there are more individual orientation and internal control style students with high or low degree self-esteem attribute responsibility to their groups. (3) Value education and related practice of situational attr ibution are useful for improving students' attr ibut inal behavior of responsibility in cooperative activities. Now, there are many disputations about collective -individual value orientation, this research is quite different from others in our country. We hope our works may enlight the study in this fild.