自2005年扩招以来，我国中等职业教育获得了空前的发展。但是农村地区的中等职业教育仍是整个教育系统的薄弱环节。目前，农村地区的中等职业学校生源状况如何？它对我国农村地区中等职业教育的发展有什么影响？笔者带着这样的疑问，通过调查访谈，对我国农村地区中等职业学校生源问题进行研究，目的是扩大中等职业学校面向农村招生，提高农村劳动力的素质，更好地为“三农”服务。本文通过对信阳市中等职业学校生源状况的调查研究，发现信阳市中等职业学校的生源大多数来自城乡弱势群体家庭，生源的质量不高，生源是影响当前信阳市中等职业教育发展的主要问题。目前，信阳市中等职业学校的现实生源不足，生源在高中阶段教育中所占比例偏低。但是潜在生源充足，每年有大量的初、高中毕业生无学可上，还有一部分初中生中途辍学在家。现实生源不足同时潜在生源充足，是农村职业教育生源困境的主要表现，实质上是学生和家长对中等职业教育的有效需求不足。本文对信阳市中等职业学校生源困境的原因进行了系统的分析，有社会文化、教育、制度方面的原因，包括：传统文化的影响、高等教育大众化的冲击、劳动力市场不规范等等；也有经济方面的原因，主要是教育成本—收益率的影响；还有中等职业学校自身内部的原因，包括办学质量低下、办学模式单一等等方面的原因。要改善信阳市中等职业学校生源的现状，扩大面向农村招生，促进信阳市中等职业教育和信阳经济的发展，可采取的措施有：改造传统文化，引导人们的职业教育需求；建立合理的教育消费结构；大力推行职业资格证书制度，尽快建立和完善就业准入制度；建立合理的教育成本分担机制，刺激职业教育需求；大力发展面向农村的中等职业教育，开发农村生源等等。发展面向农村的中等职业教育，必须扩大中等职业学校面向农村招生。这一方面可以提高农村劳动力的素质，更好地为“三农”服务。另一方面也可以为弱势群体家庭子女提供求学和发展的机会，这有利于教育公平的实现，对我国和谐社会的构建也有巨大的推动作用。

Secondary vocational education has experienced an unprecedented development since the enrollment expansion in China in 2005.however, secondary vocational education in rural areas is still the weak link in the entire education system. At present, how is the situation of student source of secondary vocational schools in rural areas? How does it affect the development of secondary vocational education in rural areas? with such doubts, The author carries on research on the problem of student source of secondary vocational schools in rural areas through investigation and interviews, the purpose of the study is to expand the enrollment of secondary vocational schools for rural students, to improve the quality of the labors in rural areas and to serve agriculture, rural areas and farmers better.Based on the surveys on the situation of student source of secondary vocational schools in Xinyang City, the author finds out that the majority of student source of secondary vocational schools is from disadvantaged groups in urban and rural families , the quality of student source is not high .At present, the student source is the main problem which affects the development of current secondary vocational education in Xinyang City. In the secondary vocational schools in Xinyang City, the realistic student source are insufficient, those students share a small proportion of all the students at the level of high school education. Yet the author also finds there are sufficient potential students. Every year , a large number of both junior and senior middle school graduates are not able to go for further study, and some junior middle school students drop out of school . The realistic situation of student source does not answer for the idealistic development, this is the main performance of the student source plight in secondary vocational schools in rural areas , this actually is lack of effective demands of both students and their parents for secondary vocational education .In this paper ,there is a systematic analysis about the reasons, which include not only the sociculture 、educational and systematic ones, such as the impact of traditional culture, the impact of the popularization of higher education, the unstandardized labor market, and so on，but also the economic ones, which mainly lie in the educational cost - yield. What’s more , the inner ones of the secondary vocational education itself , such as low quality and single mode in school running , may also cause influence. In order to improve the situation of student source of secondary vocational schools in Xinyang City, expand the enrollment for rural students, and promote the development of secondary vocational education and economy of Xinyang City, the following measures can be taken : reforming traditional culture, guiding people's demand for vocational education; establishing a reasonable educational consumption structure ; vigorously promoting vocational qualification certificate system, establishing and improving employment access system, establishing a reasonable education cost-sharing mechanisms to stimulate demand for vocational education; vigorously developing the secondary vocational education for rural areas, develop rural student source, and so on.To develop the secondary vocational education for rural areas, we must expand the enrollment of secondary vocational schools for rural students. The one side, it will improve the quality of the labors，serve agriculture, rural areas and farmers better. The other side, it will bring chances for those children from disadvantaged groups families to go for further study and development. What’s more , it will bring benefit to the educational fairness and the construction of a harmonious society