短视频的流行已成为一种新的媒介现象和文化景观，被认为是掀起了继文字、图片之后的第三次大众表达革命，改变着受众信息交流、生活娱乐、社交互动的方式。本文选取了大学生群体作为研究群体，探究短视频的使用和自我呈现对大学生线上社会资本的影响机制，以期深入理解短视频平台中社会交往的特征及其影响因素，更深入了解短视频平台作为一种社区而存在的价值。

本文通过对媒介使用与社会资本研究的文献回顾发现，学者们对媒介社会资本影响因素的研究较多采用的是媒介使用强度和媒介使用动机的维度，本研究除采用这两个维度外，还结合短视频媒介的特点加入了短视频自我呈现的维度，构建起短视频的使用与自我呈现对线上社会资本影响的研究架构，并进一步对变量进行了概念的操作化，进而通过问卷调查法获得了276份有效样本后用SPSS进行数据分析，验证了部分研究假设。

本文的研究结果证实了短视频使用强度、使用动机和自我呈现类型对线上社会资本的形成具有显著影响，但大学生的人口统计学变量却并不能显著影响短视频线上社会资本。研究发现，短视频的使用不仅有助于人们维持已有的强关系，也有利于进一步扩展新的弱关系，视频社交或许正在成为一种新的社交语言形态。从心理需求的角度来看，对短视频的心理依赖是影响大学生获取黏连社会资本和桥接社会资本的重要指标。在自我呈现类型上，短视频上的情绪呈现和积极互动会显著影响关系网络，“社交型”和“形象管理型”短视频使用者凝聚更多社会资本。从使用动机上来看，娱乐动机和表达动机会显著影响到大学生群体短视频使用的黏连社会资本，而娱乐动机和社交动机会显著影响到桥接社会资本。这说明以兴趣和娱乐为基础形成的短视频“体验社区”更容易营造认同感和信任感，建构起心理归属，短视频社区就表现得越发凝聚和活跃，带来社会资本的增加。

The popularity of short videos is becoming a new medium and cultural landscape. It is considered to have set off the third mass expression revolution after words and pictures, changing the way audiences communicate information, life entertainment, and social interaction. This article selects college students as the research group to explore the impact mechanism of the use and presentation of short videos on college students’ online social capital. This research hopes to deeply explore the characteristics and influencing factors of social interaction in short video platforms, and further explore the value of short video platforms as a kind of community.

Based on the literature review of media use and social capital, this article finds that scholars’ research on social capital influencing factors mostly uses the dimensions of media use intensity and media use motivation. In addition to using these two dimensions, this study also combines short-term The characteristics of video media use the dimensions of presentation types to build a research framework for the impact of the use and presentation of short videos on online social capital, and further conceptualize variables. On this basis, 276 valid samples were obtained through the questionnaire survey method, and then SPSS was used for data analysis, which verified part of the research hypothesis.

The research results in this article confirm that the intensity of short video use, motivation media utilization and presentation type have a significant impact on the cultivation of online social capital, but the demographic variables of college students do not significantly affect the online social capital of short video. Studies have found that the use of short videos not only helps people maintain existing Strong Ties, but also helps to further expand new Weak Ties. Video social interaction may be becoming a new form of social interaction.

From the perspective of psychological needs, subjective psychological dependence is an important indicator that affects college students' access to bonded social capital and bridging social capital. In terms of presentation types, emotional presentation and active interaction in short videos will significantly affect the relationship network. "Social" and "image management" short video users have more social capital. From the perspective of motivation, entertainment motivation and expression motivation significantly affect the bonded social capital, while entertainment motivation and social motivation significantly affect bridging social capital. This shows that the short video formed on the basis of interest and entertainment is easier to create a sense of identity and trust, and to build a psychological belonging, it will become more cohesive and active, and bring about an increase in social capital. This shows that the short video community formed on the basis of interest and entertainment can better create a sense of identity and trust, construct psychological belonging, and bring about an increase in social capital.