当下，依托于科学技术的新型经济发展已成为经济发展的热点，而在中国社会，城乡收入差距问题多年来都是个备受关注的重大问题，所以，科技创新对城乡收入差距的影响便成为了一个值得关注的问题。本文首先对国内外的相关文献进行分析，确定科技创新投入为度量地区科技创新的指标。其次通过对比分析方法，以数字经济发展水平为参照，将四川省的科技创新投入与全国领先省份进行对比，初步验证了科技创新投入作为度量科技创新指标的合理性，进而对四川省内各地级市、自治州的科技创新投入、城乡收入比进行了比较，对四川省各市的科技创新投入力度和城乡收入差距现状进行了分析。接下来，本文选取了四川省2010-2019年间，各个地级市和自治州的对应面板数据，建立了空间杜宾模型，最终得出以下结论：（1）四川省近年来的对科技创新的投入呈现上升态势，但仍与全国领先水平有一定的差距，同时其省内各市的投入呈现出不均衡的态势。（2）四川省内各市之间的城乡收入差距存在着显著的空间效应，科技创新对本地和相邻城市的城乡收入差距均有影响，科技创新投入的增加会增加城镇居民和农村居民的人均可支配收入，但对城镇居民收入的扩大效应更强，进而导致了城乡居民收入差距的扩大。（3）城乡收入差距受多种因素的影响，教育支出、开放程度、科技投入、金融水平、产业结构、城市化率等因素均会影响本地或相邻地区的城乡收入差距。最后，本文基于结论提出了一些建议，期望能为四川省未来的发展尽绵薄之力。

At present, the new economic development relying on science and technology has become a hot topic of economic development, and the urban-rural income gap has been a major concern in China for many years. Therefore, the impact of scientific and technological innovation on the urban-rural income gap has naturally become a problem worthy of attention. Firstly, this paper analyzes the relevant literature at home and abroad and determines the input of scientific and technological innovation as the index to measure regional scientific and technological innovation. Secondly through comparative analysis method, with digital economy development level as the reference, science and technology innovation of Sichuan province compared with the national leading province, preliminary verified the rationality of science and technology innovation investment as indicators of measurement science and technology innovation, then level city, autonomous prefecture in Sichuan province science and technology innovation investment, urban and rural income ratio, This paper analyzes the investment intensity of scientific and technological innovation and the income gap between urban and rural areas in Sichuan province. Next, this paper selects the corresponding panel data of various prefecture-level cities and autonomous prefectures in Sichuan province from 2010 to 2019, establishes the spatial Durbin model, and finally draws the following conclusions: (1) In recent years, Sichuan province's investment in scientific and technological innovation has shown a rising trend, but there is still a certain gap with the national leading level, and the investment of various cities in Sichuan province has shown an unbalanced trend. (2) Sichuan provincial municipal urban and rural income gap exists between the effect of the significant scientific and technological innovation in local and the neighboring city of all affect the income gap between urban and rural areas, the increase of the science and technology innovation investment will increase the per capita disposable income of urban residents and rural residents, but for the expansion of urban residents income effect is stronger, leading to the urban and rural residents income gap enlargement. (3) The urban-rural income gap is influenced by a variety of factors, such as education expenditure, degree of openness, investment in science and technology, financial level, industrial structure, urbanization rate and other factors, which will affect the urban-rural income gap in local or adjacent areas. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions based on the conclusion, hoping to contribute to the development of Sichuan province in the future.