伴随着我国经济社会的迅猛发展，建设和发展农村公共文化、保障农民群众的文化权益是我国当前和今后的一项长期任务和目标。我国农村公共文化服务体系的建设中存在着投入不足、运营不善等诸多问题，尤其是在国家一再加大文化建设投入的前提下，低效运营、内容缺乏、同农民群众需求脱节等问题的存在更显得突出。因此，要保障农村人民群众文化权益，让农民群众享受到适用高效优质的公共文化服务，就必须在整体提高农村公共文化服务体系水平的同时着力实现公共文化服务供给内容和结构的优化升级。在此情形下，引入需求的研究，将会使农村公共文化服务的供给更有针对性和灵活性。 本研究以国内外相关理论为基础，通过调查问卷和入户访谈的方法调查研究了河北省霸州市农村公共文化服务体系建设的现状，发现该市农民对公共文化服务的需求呈现出文化需求日益多样化、层次提高，主动性与参与性需求增加，由同质性走向异质性，但文化消费仍处于较低水平，文化需求需要政府的引导等特点。虽然该市在农村文化设施与文化活动方面加强了供给，但仍存在供需矛盾及管理不善的问题。通过研究分析，指出这些问题的产生主要源于文化管理体制障碍，自上而下的供给决策机制，单一的供给主体及缺乏农民缺乏参与的保障机制与需求的表达和反馈机制。在需求导向下完善农村公共文化服务的供给，应着力于提升文化自觉，构建“以需定供”的供给决策制度，及加强绩效评估以保障农民群众的基本文化权益，推动该市农村社会的全面发展。

With the rapid development of social economy in our country, the construction and development of the rural public culture is our current even future’s long-term goal. There are many problems in the construction of rural public cultural service system, which includes inadequate investment, poor operation and many other issues. In the case of state has repeatedly increased the cultural construction investment, some issues like inefficient operations, lack of content are particularly prominent. Consequently, to protect the rural people’s right and provide them with the suitable high quality of public cultural services, we must focus on improving the supply of the cultural service’s content and structure. In this case, the introduction of the demand research will make the supply of rural public cultural service more targeted and flexible.Based on the related theories, in the way of questionnaire and home interview, this study did a research on the status of rural public cultural service system in Bazhou, Hebei province, and analyzed the farmer’s demand of public cultural services, found that culture needs increasingly diversification, higher levels of initiative and participation increased demand, from homogeneity to heterogeneity, but cultural consumption is still in low level ,and cultural demand direction need government guidance. There is contradiction between supply and demand, as well as mismanagement, even though the city increases the supply of rural cultural facilities and activities. Through research and analysis, it is pointed out that the emergence of these problems mainly due to the cultural management system disorders, the supply of top-down decision-making mechanism, a single main supply and lack of mechanism to protect farmers’ expression and feedback. To improve the supply of public cultural service based on demand, we should focus on cultural awareness, to build a decision- making system, strength the assessment to protect people’s basic cultural right, and promote rural society’s comprehensive development.